Ukusebenzisa irhasi ekhuselayo engalunganga okanye ukuhamba kwegesi kunokuchaphazela umgangatho we-weld, iindleko, kunye nemveliso kakhulu. Irhasi yokukhusela ikhusela iphuli yeweld etyhidiweyo kungcoliseko lwangaphandle, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukukhetha irhasi eyiyo kulo msebenzi.
Ukufumana iziphumo ezingcono, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba yeyiphi igesi kunye nemixube yerhasi eyona ifanele imathiriyeli ethile. Kufuneka kwakhona uqaphele iingcebiso ezimbalwa ezinokukunceda ukwandisa ukusebenza kwegesi ekusebenzeni kwakho kwe-welding, enokugcina imali.
Iinketho ezininzi zegesi ezikhuselayo kwi-gas metal arc welding (GMAW) zinokwenza umsebenzi wenziwe. Ukukhetha irhasi eyona ilungele isiseko semathiriyeli, imowudi yokudlulisa, kunye neeparamitha zewelding kunokukunceda ukuba ufumane okuninzi kutyalo-mali.
Ukukhetha irhasi eyona ilungele isiseko semathiriyeli, imowudi yokudlulisa, kunye neeparamitha zewelding kunokukunceda ukuba ufumane okuninzi kutyalo-mali lwakho.
Ukungafezeki kakuhle kweGesi yokuKhusela
Ukuhamba kwegesi okufanelekileyo kunye nokugubungela kubalulekile ukususela ngexesha lokubethelwa kwe-arc ye-welding. Ngokuqhelekileyo, iingxaki zokuhamba kwegesi zibonakala ngokukhawuleza. Unokuba nengxaki yokuseka okanye ukugcina i-arc okanye ufumane kunzima ukuvelisa iiwelds ezisemgangathweni.
Ngaphaya kwemiba esemgangathweni, ukusebenza kakubi kwerhasi yokukhusela kungaqhuba iindleko zokusebenza. Umyinge wokuhamba uphezulu kakhulu, umzekelo, uthetha ukuba uchitha igesi kwaye uchitha imali eninzi ekukhuseleni igesi kunokuba kufuneka.
Amazinga okuhamba aphezulu kakhulu okanye aphantsi kakhulu anokubangela i-porosity, ethi ke ifune ixesha lokulungisa iingxaki kunye nokusebenza kwakhona. Amazinga okuqukuqela asezantsi kakhulu anokubangela iziphene zeweld kuba ipool yeweld ayikhuselwanga ngokwaneleyo.
Isixa se-spatter esiveliswe ngexesha le-welding nayo inxulumene negesi yokukhusela esetyenziswayo. I-spatter eninzi ithetha ixesha elininzi kunye nemali echithwa ekusileni i-postweld.
Indlela yokukhetha iGesi yokuKhusela
Izinto ezininzi zimisela igesi yokukhusela echanekileyo kwinkqubo ye-GMAW, kubandakanywa nohlobo lwezinto eziphathekayo, isinyithi sokuzalisa, kunye nemodi yokudlulisa i-weld.
Uhlobo lwezinto eziphathekayo.Oku kunokuba yeyona nto inkulu ekufuneka iqwalaselwe kwisicelo. Ngokomzekelo, i-carbon steel kunye ne-aluminium zineempawu ezahlukileyo kakhulu kwaye ngoko zifuna iigesi ezahlukeneyo zokukhusela ukufezekisa iziphumo ezilungileyo. Kufuneka kwakhona uthathele ingqalelo ubukhulu bezinto eziphathekayo xa ukhetha igesi yokukhusela.
Uhlobo lweMetal yeFiller.Intsimbi yokuzalisa ihambelana nesiseko, ngoko ke ukuqonda izinto kufuneka kukunike ingcamango efanelekileyo malunga negesi engcono kakhulu yentsimbi yokuzalisa. Iinkcazo ezininzi zenkqubo ye-weld ziquka iinkcukacha malunga nokuba yeyiphi imixube yegesi enokusetyenziswa kunye neentsimbi ezithile zokuzalisa.
Ukukhusela ngokufanelekileyo ukuhamba kwegesi kunye nokugubungela kubalulekile ukususela ngexesha lokubethelwa kwe-arc ye-welding. Lo mzobo ubonisa ukuhamba okugudileyo ngasekhohlo, okuya kuthi kugqume i-weld pool, kunye nokuhamba kwesiphithiphithi ngasekunene.
Imodi yokudlulisa i-Welding.Isenokuba yi-short-circuit, spray-arc, pulsed-arc, okanye iglobular transfer. Imowudi nganye idibanisa ngcono kunye neegesi ezithile ezikhuselayo. Ngokomzekelo, akufanele usebenzise i-argon ye-100 yeepesenti kunye nemodi yokudlulisa isitshizi. Kunoko, sebenzisa umxube onjenge-90 ekhulwini ye-argon kunye ne-10 ekhulwini le-carbon dioxide. Inqanaba le-CO2 kumxube wegesi akufanele lidlule i-25 ekhulwini.
Izinto ezongezelelweyo ezinokuthi ziqwalaselwe ziquka isantya sokuhamba, uhlobo lokungena olufunekayo kwi-joint, kunye ne-part fit-up. Ngaba i-weld ayikho kwindawo? Ukuba kunjalo, oko kuya kuchaphazela nokuba yeyiphi igesi ekhuselayo oyikhethayo.
UKhetho lweGesi yokuKhusela kwi-GMAW
I-Argon, i-helium, i-CO2, kunye ne-oksijini zezona ziqhelekileyo iigesi ezikhuselayo ezisetyenziswa kwi-GMAW. Irhasi nganye ineenzuzo kunye nezithintelo kuso nasiphi na isicelo. Ezinye iigesi zifaneleka ngakumbi kunezinye izinto ezisisiseko ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo, nokuba yi-aluminiyam, intsimbi ethambileyo, intsimbi yekhabhoni, intsimbi ephantsi, okanye intsimbi engaxutywanga.
I-CO2 kunye neoksijini ziigesi ezisebenzayo, okuthetha ukuba zichaphazela okwenzekayo kwi-weld pool. Ii-electron zezi gesi zisabela kunye ne-weld pool ukuvelisa iimpawu ezahlukeneyo. I-Argon kunye ne-helium ziigesi ezingenayo, ngoko ke azihambisani nezinto ezisisiseko okanye i-weld pool.
Umzekelo, i-CO2 esulungekileyo ibonelela ngokungena kwe-weld enzulu, eluncedo ekudibaniseni izinto ezishinyeneyo. Kodwa kwimo yayo ecocekileyo ivelisa i-arc engazinzanga kunye ne-spatter xa ithelekiswa naxa ixutywe nezinye iigesi. Ukuba umgangatho we-weld kunye nokubonakala kubalulekile, umxube we-argon / CO2 unokubonelela ngokuzinza kwe-arc, ulawulo lwe-weld pool, kunye nokunciphisa i-spatter.
Ke, zeziphi iigesi ezihamba kakuhle kunye nezixhobo ezahlukeneyo ezisisiseko?
Aluminiyam.Kufuneka usebenzise i-argon ye-100 yeepesenti ye-aluminium. Umxube we-argon/helium usebenza kakuhle ukuba ufuna ukungena nzulu okanye isantya sokuhamba ngokukhawuleza. Yeka ukusebenzisa igesi ekhusela ioksijini ngealuminiyam kuba ioksijini ithanda ukuba shushu kwaye yongeza umaleko we-oxidation.
Intsimbi ephakathi.Unako ukudibanisa le nto kunye neendlela ezahlukeneyo zokukhusela igesi, kuquka i-100 yepesenti ye-CO2 okanye i-CO2 / i-argon mix. Njengoko izinto ziba zikhulu, ukongeza i-oksijini kwigesi ye-argon kunokunceda ngokungena.
Intsimbi yekhabhoni.Esi sixhobo sidibanisa kakuhle kunye ne-100 ekhulwini ye-CO2 okanye i-CO2 / i-argon mix. Intsimbi ye-alloy ephantsi. I-98 yepesenti ye-argon / i-2 ipesenti ye-oxygen gas mix ifaneleka kakuhle kule nto.
Ukusebenzisa irhasi ekhuselayo engalunganga okanye ukuhamba kwegesi kunokuchaphazela kakhulu umgangatho we-weld, iindleko, kunye nemveliso kwizicelo zakho ze-GMAW.
Yenziwe ngentsimbi eshayinayo.I-Argon ixutywe kunye ne-2 ukuya kwi-5 ipesenti ye-CO2 yinto eqhelekileyo. Xa ufuna umxholo wekhabhoni eyongezelelekileyo kwi-weld, sebenzisa i-argon ene-1 ukuya kwi-2 yeepesenti ye-oxygen.
IiNgcebiso zeNdlela yokuKhusela ukuSebenza kweGesi yokuKhusela
Ukukhetha irhasi yokukhusela efanelekileyo linyathelo lokuqala eliya empumelelweni. Ukuphucula ukusebenza-ukonga ixesha kunye nemali-kufuna ukuba uqaphele ezinye iindlela ezilungileyo ezinokunceda ukulondoloza igesi yokukhusela kunye nokukhuthaza ukugubungela ngokufanelekileyo i-weld pool.
Umgangatho wohambo. Isantya sokuhamba esifanelekileyo sixhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi, kubandakanywa isantya sokuhamba kunye nomlinganiselo we-mill scale kwizinto ezisisiseko. Ukuhamba kwerhasi enesiphithiphithi ngexesha le-welding ngokuqhelekileyo kuthetha ukuba umyinge wokuqukuqela, ulinganiswe nge-cubic feet ngeyure (CFH), uphezulu kakhulu, kwaye oku kunokubangela iingxaki ezifana ne-porosity. Ukuba nayiphi na imilinganiselo ye-welding iyatshintsha, oku kunokuchaphazela izinga lokuhamba kwegesi.
Umzekelo, ukonyusa isantya sokutya kocingo nako kwandisa nokuba kubungakanani beprofayili ye-weld okanye isantya sokuhamba, okuthetha ukuba unokufuna isantya esiphezulu sokuqukuqela kwerhasi ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko olufanelekileyo.
Izinto ezisetyenziswayo.Umpu we-GMAW osetyenziswayo, oquka i-diffuser, ithiphu yoqhagamshelwano, kunye nomlomo, udlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuqinisekiseni ukuba i-weld pool ikhuselwe ngokufanelekileyo emoyeni. Ukuba umlomo wombhobho umxinwa kakhulu ukuba ungasetyenziswa okanye ukuba isixhobo sokucoca sivaleke sisitshizi, irhasi ekhuselayo encinci kakhulu inokuba ingena kwi weld pool. Khetha izinto ezisetyenziswayo ezimelana nokwakhiwa kwesitshizi kunye nokubonelela ngombhobho obanzi owaneleyo ukuqinisekisa ukugqunywa kwerhasi okwaneleyo. Kwakhona, qiniseka ukuba i-recess yengcebiso yoqhagamshelwano ichanekile.
Ukuhamba kwegesi kwangaphambili.Ukuqhuba igesi ekhuselayo imizuzwana embalwa ngaphambi kokuba ubethe i-arc kunganceda ukuqinisekisa ukuba kukho ukhuselo olwaneleyo. Ukusebenzisa irhasi ephuma ngaphambili kunokuba luncedo ngakumbi xa udityanisa iigrooves ezinzulu okanye iibevels ezifuna ucingo olude olukhutshiweyo. Ukutyhutyha kwangaphambili okuzalisa umdibaniso ngerhasi ngaphambi kokuba uqalise kunokukuvumela ukuba wehlise isantya sokuhamba kwerhasi, ngaloo ndlela ulondoloze irhasi nokunciphisa iindleko.
Ukugcinwa kweNkqubo.Xa usebenzisa inkqubo yegesi eninzi, yenza ugcino olululo ukunceda ukunyusa ukusebenza kakuhle. Yonke indawo yoqhagamshelo kwinkqubo ingumthombo wokuvuza kwerhasi, ke jonga lonke unxibelelwano ukuze uqiniseke ukuba luqinile. Kungenjalo, usenokuba uphulukene nenye yerhasi ekhuselayo ocinga ukuba iya kwi weld.
UMlawuli weGesi. Qiniseka ukuba usebenzisa isilawuli esifanelekileyo ngokusekwe kumxube werhasi owusebenzisayo. Ukuxuba okuchanekileyo kubalulekile ekukhuseleni i-weld. Ukusebenzisa isilawuli esingafanelekanga somxube wegesi, okanye ukusebenzisa uhlobo olungalunganga lweziqhagamshelo, lunokubangela nokukhathazeka kokhuseleko. Qwalasela abalawuli rhoqo ukuqinisekisa ukuba basebenza kakuhle.
Uhlaziyo lwemipu.Ukuba usebenzisa isibhamu esiphelelwe yisikhathi, jonga kwiimodeli ezihlaziyiweyo ezibonelela ngeenzuzo, ezifana nobukhulu obuncinci bangaphakathi kunye nomgca we-hose wegesi ozimeleyo, okuvumela ukuba usebenzise izinga lokuhamba kwegesi eliphantsi. Oku kunceda ukuthintela isiphithiphithi kwi weld pool ngelixa ikwalondoloza igesi.
Ixesha lokuposa: Dec-30-2022
