Ingcamango kunye nokuhlelwa kwegesi yentsimbi ye-arc welding
Indlela ye-arc welding esebenzisa i-electrode etyhidiweyo, igesi yangaphandle njenge-arc medium, kwaye ikhusela amaconsi esinyithi, i-welding pool kunye ne-high-temperature metal kwi-welding zone ibizwa ngokuba yi-molt electrode gas shielded arc welding.
Ngokohlelo lwe-welding wire, lunokwahlulwa lube yi-welding core core kunye ne-flux cored wire welding. Irhasi ye-inert (Ar okanye Yena) ikhusele i-arc welding indlela usebenzisa ucingo oluqinileyo olubizwa ngokuba yi-Melting Inert Gas Arc Welding (MIG Welding); indlela ye-argon-rich exutywe ngegesi ekhuselekileyo ye-arc usebenzisa ucingo oluqinileyo ibizwa ngokuba yiMetal Inert Gas Arc Welding (MIG welding). welding MAG (Metal Active Gas Arc Welding). I-CO2 yegesi ekhuselwe ukuwelda usebenzisa ucingo oluqinileyo, olubizwa ngokuba yi-CO2 welding. Xa usebenzisa i-flux-cored wire, i-arc welding enokusebenzisa i-CO2 okanye i-CO2 + Ar gas exutywe njengoko igesi ekhuselayo ibizwa ngokuba yi-flux-cored wire gas shielded welding. Kwakhona kunokwenzeka ukwenza oku ngaphandle kokongeza igesi yokukhusela. Le ndlela ibizwa ngokuba yi-self-shielded arc welding.
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Umahluko phakathi kwe-MIG / MAG ye-welding eqhelekileyo kunye ne-CO2 ye-welding
Iimpawu ze-CO2 welding zezi: ixabiso eliphantsi kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso. Nangona kunjalo, inezinto ezingalunganga zesixa esikhulu se-spatter kunye nokubumba kakubi, ngoko ke ezinye iinkqubo ze-welding zisebenzisa i-MIG / MAG ye-welding eqhelekileyo. I-MIG / MAG ye-welding eqhelekileyo yindlela ye-arc welding ekhuselwe yigesi ye-inert okanye i-argon-rich gas, kodwa i-CO2 ye-welding ineempawu ezinamandla ze-oxidizing, ezimisela umahluko kunye neempawu zombini. Xa kuthelekiswa ne-CO2 welding, iingenelo eziphambili ze-MIG/MAG welding zezi zilandelayo:
1) Ubungakanani bokuchaphaza buncitshiswa ngaphezu kwe-50%. I-arc welding phantsi kokukhuselwa kwe-argon okanye i-argon-rich gas izinzile. Akunjalo kuphela i-arc ezinzile ngexesha lokutshintshwa kwe-droplet kunye ne-jet transition, kodwa nakwi-short-circuit yenguqu ye-welding ye-MAG ye-low-current, i-arc inefuthe elincinci lokugxotha kwi-droplets, ngaloo ndlela iqinisekisa i-MIG / Ubungakanani bokutshiza okubangelwa I-MAG welding inguqu emfutshane yesiphaluka iyancipha ngaphezu kwe-50%.
2) I-welding seam yenziwe ngokulinganayo kwaye inhle. Ekubeni ukuhanjiswa kwe-MIG / MAG i-droplets ye-welding ifanayo, ifihlakeleyo, kwaye izinzile, i-weld yenziwe ngokufanayo kwaye intle.
3) Ngaba unokwenza iintsimbi ezininzi ezisebenzayo kunye neealloys zazo. Ipropati ye-oxidizing ye-arc atmosphere ibuthathaka kakhulu okanye i-non-oxidizing. Ukuwelda kwe-MIG/MAG akunako ukuwelda kuphela intsimbi ye-carbon steel kunye ne-alloy steel high, kodwa kunye neentsimbi ezininzi ezisebenzayo kunye ne-alloys zazo, ezifana: i-aluminium kunye ne-alloys ye-aluminium, insimbi engenasici kunye ne-alloys yayo, i-Magnesium kunye ne-magnesium alloys, njl.
4) Ukuphucula kakhulu ukusetyenzwa kwe-welding, umgangatho we-welding kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso.
Umahluko phakathi kwe-pulse MIG/MAG welding kunye ne-MIG/MAG welding eqhelekileyo
Iifom eziphambili zokudluliselwa kwe-droplet ye-MIG / MAG ye-welding eqhelekileyo i-jet transfer kwi-high current kunye ne-short-circuit transfer at current current. Ke ngoko, umsinga ophantsi usenabo ubugwenxa besixa esikhulu sokutshiza kunye nokumila kakubi, ngakumbi ezinye iintsimbi ezisebenzayo azikwazi ukudityaniswa phantsi komsinga ophantsi. I-Welding efana ne-aluminium kunye ne-alloys, insimbi engenasici, njl. Ngoko ke, i-pulsed MIG / MAG ye-welding yabonakala. Uphawu lwayo lokugqithiselwa kwamathontsi kukuba i-pulse nganye yangoku idlulisela ithontsi elinye. Ngokwenyani, lugqithiso lwamathontsi. Xa kuthelekiswa ne-MIG / MAG ye-welding eqhelekileyo, iimpawu zayo eziphambili zezi zilandelayo:
I-1) Eyona ndlela ingcono yokudluliselwa kwe-droplet ye-pulse MIG/MAG welding kukudlulisa i-droplet enye nge-pulse. Ngale ndlela, ngokulungelelanisa i-pulse frequency, inani lamaconsi adluliselwe ngexesha leyunithi lingatshintshwa, eliyisantya sokunyibilika kocingo lwe-welding.
2) Ngenxa yokugqithiswa kwe-droplet ye-droplet enye kunye ne-droplet enye, ububanzi be-droplet bulingana ngokulinganayo nobubanzi bocingo lwe-welding, ngoko ukushisa kwe-arc ye-droplet kuphantsi, oko kukuthi, ubushushu be-droplet buphantsi. (xa kuthelekiswa nokudluliselwa kwe-jet kunye nokudluliselwa kwe-droplet enkulu). Ngoko ke, i-coefficient yokuncibilika kocingo lwe-welding yanda, oku kuthetha ukuba ukunyibilika kocingo lwe-welding kuphuculwe.
3) Ngenxa yokuba ubushushu be-droplet buphantsi, kukho umsi omncinci we-welding. Oku kwelinye icala kunciphisa ilahleko evuthayo yezinto ze-alloy kwaye kwelinye icala iphucula indawo yokwakha.
Xa kuthelekiswa ne-MIG / MAG ye-welding eqhelekileyo, iingenelo zayo eziphambili zezi zilandelayo:
I-1) I-Welding spatter incinci okanye ingabikho.
I-2) I-arc ine-directivity efanelekileyo kwaye ifanelekile kwi-welding kuzo zonke izikhundla.
3) I-weld yenziwe kakuhle, ububanzi obunyibilikayo bukhulu, iimpawu zokungena ezinjengeminwe zibuthathaka, kwaye ukuphakama okushiyekileyo kuncinci.
I-4) Incinci yangoku inokuthi idibanise ngokugqibeleleyo iintsimbi ezisebenzayo (ezifana ne-aluminium kunye ne-alloys yayo, njl.).
Yandisiwe uluhlu lwangoku lwe-MIG/MAG welding jet transfer. Ngexesha le-pulse welding, i-welding current inokufikelela kwi-stable droplet transfer ukusuka kufuphi ne-current ebalulekileyo yokudluliselwa kwe-jet ukuya kuluhlu olukhulu lwangoku lwamashumi e-amps.
Ukusuka apha ngasentla, sinokwazi iimpawu kunye neenzuzo ze-pulse MIG / MAG, kodwa akukho nto inokufezeka. Xa kuthelekiswa ne-MIG/MAG eqhelekileyo, iintsilelo zayo zimi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
I-1) Ukusebenza kwemveliso ye-Welding kuvakala ngathi kuphantsi kancinci.
2) Iimfuno zomgangatho we-welders ziphezulu kakhulu.
3) Okwangoku, ixabiso lezixhobo ze-welding liphezulu kakhulu.
Izigqibo eziphambili zenkqubo yokukhethwa kwe-pulse MIG/MAG welding
Ngenxa yezi ziphumo zokuthelekisa ezi ngasentla, nangona i-pulse MIG/MAG welding ineengenelo ezininzi ezingenakufikelelwa kwaye xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iindlela ze-welding, nayo ineengxaki zamaxabiso ezixhobo eziphezulu, ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso ephantsi kancinci, kunye nobunzima bokuba abaweldi basebenze kakuhle. Ngoko ke, ukukhethwa kwe-pulse ye-MIG / MAG ye-welding ixhomekeke ngokukodwa kwiimfuno zenkqubo ye-welding. Ngokwemigangatho yangoku yenkqubo ye-welding yasekhaya, le welding ilandelayo kufuneka isebenzise i-pulse MIG/MAG welding.
1) Intsimbi yeCarbon. Amathuba aneemfuno eziphezulu kumgangatho we-weld kunye nenkangeleko ikakhulu kushishino lwenqanawa yoxinzelelo, olunje ngeebhoyila, iikhemikhali zokutshintshiselana ngobushushu, i-air-conditioning heat exchangers, kunye nee-turbine casings kushishino lombane wamanzi.
2) Insimbi engenasici. Sebenzisa ama-currents amancinci (ngaphantsi kwe-200A abizwa ngokuba yi-currents encinci apha, efanayo ngezantsi) kunye nezihlandlo ezineemfuno eziphezulu kumgangatho we-weld kunye nokubonakala, njengama-locomotives kunye neenqwelo zoxinzelelo kwishishini lemichiza.
3) I-Aluminiyam kunye ne-alloys yayo. Sebenzisa i-current encinci (ngaphantsi kwe-200A ibizwa ngokuba yincinci yangoku apha, efanayo ngezantsi) kunye nezihlandlo ezineemfuno eziphezulu kumgangatho we-weld kunye nokubonakala, ezifana nezitimela ezihamba ngesantya esiphezulu, ukutshintshwa kwe-voltage ephezulu, ukuhlukana komoya kunye namanye amashishini. Ngokukodwa oololiwe abahamba ngesantya esiphezulu, kubandakanya iCSR Group Sifang Rolling Stock Co., Ltd., Tangshan Rolling Stock Factory, Changchun Railway Vehicles, njl., kunye nabavelisi abancinci abasebenza ngaphandle kwabo. Ngokwemithombo yoshishino, ngo-2015 onke amakomkhulu ephondo kunye nezixeko ezinabemi abangaphezu kwama-500,000 e-China ziya kuba noololiwe beebhulethi. Oku kubonisa imfuno enkulu yoololiwe beebhulethi, kunye nemfuno yomthwalo wokuwelda kunye nezixhobo zokuwelda.
4) Ubhedu kunye neengxube zayo. Ngokokuqonda kwangoku, ubhedu kunye neealloys zalo zisebenzisa i-pulse MIG/MAG welding (ngaphakathi kobubanzi be-arc arc welding).
Ixesha lokuposa: Oct-23-2023
