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1. Ingcamango yokufaneleka kwenkqubo ye-welding
Isiqinisekiso senkqubo ye-welding lulungiselelo lokuqala lomsebenzi wonke we-welding. Umsebenzi wokufaneleka kwenkqubo ye-welding yinkqubo yovavanyo kunye novavanyo lweziphumo olwenziwayo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuchaneka kwenkqubo ye-welding ye-weldment ecetywayo kunye neemveliso ezinxulumene nazo.
Ibandakanya inkqubo yokulungiselela i-welding yangaphambili, i-welding, uvavanyo kunye novavanyo lweziphumo. Ukufaneleka kwenkqubo ye-welding kwakhona yinkqubo ebalulekileyo ekusebenzeni kwemveliso. Le nkqubo inesiseko, injongo, isiphumo, kunye nomda olinganiselweyo. Ngoko ke, isiqinisekiso senkqubo ye-welding kufuneka sisekelwe kwisicwangciso senkqubo ye-welding ecetywayo, kubandakanywa ukulungiswa kwe-welding pre-welding, i-welding test pieces, i-inspection test pieces, kunye nokugqiba ukuba amajoyinti adibeneyo amaqhekeza ovavanyo anezibonakaliso ezahlukeneyo zobugcisa bomsebenzi ofunekayo. Okokugqibela, amava aqokelelwe kuyo yonke le nkqubo izinto ezahlukeneyo welding inkqubo, data welding kunye neziphumo zovavanyo ziqokelelwe zibe ulwazi olupheleleyo kunye nokucetyiswa ukwenza "welding inkqubo assessment ingxelo".
2. Ukubaluleka kwesiqinisekiso senkqubo ye-welding
Uvavanyo lwenkqubo ye-welding likhonkco elibalulekileyo ekuqinisekiseni umgangatho we-welding we-boilers, iinqanawa zoxinzelelo kunye nemibhobho yoxinzelelo. Uvavanyo lwenkqubo ye-welding ngumxholo oyimfuneko kunye nobalulekileyo kumsebenzi wokulungiselela ubugcisa ngaphambi kokuba i-welding ye-boilers, iinqanawa zoxinzelelo kunye nemibhobho yoxinzelelo. Yinto ekufuneka ihlolwe kuhlolo lobunjineli olwenziwa ngumgangatho wesizwe kunye ne-arhente yolawulo lobugcisa. Kuyimfuneko ukuba kuqinisekiswe ukuba inkqubo ye-welding ichanekile kwaye inengqiqo. Indlela yokwenza isiqinisekiso esibalulekileyo sokuqinisekisa umgangatho wamacandelo adibeneyo kunye nokuba iimpawu ezahlukeneyo zeendawo ezidibeneyo kufuneka zihambelane neemeko zobugcisa bemveliso kunye neemfuno ezisemgangathweni ezihambelanayo.
Ngoko ke, ukuchaneka kunye nengqiqo yenkqubo ye-welding kufuneka iqinisekiswe ngokusebenzisa iimvavanyo ezihambelanayo, oko kukuthi, ukufaneleka kwenkqubo ye-welding. Ukufaneleka kwenkqubo ye-welding kunokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso ye-welding kunye nokunciphisa iindleko zemveliso ngelixa uqinisekisa umgangatho we-welding joints, kunye nokufumana iinzuzo eziphezulu zoqoqosho.
3. Injongo yokufaneleka kwenkqubo ye-welding
I-1 yincwadi yobugcisa ekufuneka ilandelwe kwimveliso, ukufakwa, ukugcinwa kunye nezinye iinkqubo zokuvelisa iibhoyili, iinqanawa zoxinzelelo, iipayipi zoxinzelelo kunye nezixhobo, kunye nokuqeqeshwa kwe-welder kunye nokufundisa.
I-2 ikhonkco eliphambili okanye umlinganiselo obalulekileyo oza kuphunyezwa ekulawuleni umgangatho we-welding.
I-3 iyisimboli esibalulekileyo esibonisa amandla e-welding kunye nenqanaba lobugcisa beyunithi.
4 Yinto ekufuneka-yenziwe echazwe lushishino olufanelekileyo kunye nemimiselo yesizwe.
4. Umda wokusetyenziswa kwesiqinisekiso senkqubo ye-welding
I-1 Ukufaneleka kwenkqubo ye-Welding iyasebenza kumsebenzi we-welding wemveliso, ukufakwa kunye nokugcinwa kwezixhobo zetsimbi ezifana ne-boilers, iipayipi, iinqanawa zoxinzelelo kunye nezakhiwo zetsimbi ezithwala umthwalo, kunye nokuqeqeshwa kwe-welder kunye novavanyo lobugcisa be-welder. Isiqinisekiso senkqubo ye-welding kufuneka senziwe ngaphambi kokuphunyezwa kwale misebenzi. ukumisela ukuchaneka kwenkqubo ye-welding ecetywayo.
I-2 isiqinisekiso senkqubo ye-Welding sisebenza kwiindlela zokuwelda ezifana ne-electrode arc welding, i-tungsten arc welding, i-gas metal arc welding, i-flux-cored wire arc welding, i-gas welding, kunye ne-arc welding ephantsi kwamanzi.
3 Amashishini abandakanyeka kumsebenzi wokuvelisa, wofakelo okanye wokulungisa.
I-4 Isiqinisekiso senkqubo ye-welding sijoliswe kuyo, kwaye iimfuno zemeko yobugcisa beemveliso ezahlukeneyo zihlukile. Ukuba imveliso yinqanawa yoxinzelelo, iziphumo zovavanyo lwesiqinisekiso senkqubo kufuneka zihlangabezane neemfuno zemigangatho yemeko yobugcisa yomkhumbi woxinzelelo; ukuba imveliso yesakhiwo sentsimbi ethwele umthwalo, iziphumo zovavanyo lwenkqubo yokufaneleka kufuneka zihlangabezane neemfuno ezisemgangathweni zeemeko zobugcisa zesakhiwo sentsimbi esithwala umthwalo, njl njl. imfuneko ephambili yenkqubo yokuwelda isiqinisekiso somgangatho wovavanyo lwesiqinisekiso.
5. Iimpawu zokufaneleka kwenkqubo ye-welding
1 Ukufaneleka kwenkqubo ye-Welding kukusombulula iingxaki zenkqubo ye-welding yayo nayiphi na intsimbi phantsi kweemeko ezithile, kunokuba ukhethe iiparameters zenkqubo engcono kakhulu. Inoluhlu oluthile kwaye lwamkelekile kubantu abaninzi.
I-2 Uvavanyo lwenkqubo ye-Welding kukusombulula iingxaki zokusebenza phantsi kweemeko ezithile zenkqubo, kodwa ayikwazi ukucombulula iingxaki zomgangatho jikelele ezibandakanyekayo ekupheliseni uxinzelelo, ukunciphisa ukuguqulwa, ukuthintela iziphene ze-welding, njl.
3. Uvavanyo lwenkqubo ye-welding kufuneka lusekelwe ekusebenzeni kwe-welding yezinto eziluhlaza kunye nokuveliswa kwesikhokelo ngokusebenzisa iimvavanyo ezithembekileyo zeemeko zobugcisa zokuvavanya inkqubo ye-welding, ukuphepha ukungonakali kokusebenzisa iimveliso zangempela njengeziqwenga zovavanyo.
I-4 Izinto zobuntu kufuneka zipheliswe ngexesha lenkqubo ye-welding inkqubo yovavanyo lokufaneleka, kwaye isiqinisekiso senkqubo ye-welding kunye ne-qualification ye-welder skill akufanele idideke. Umntu ophethe isiqinisekiso senkqubo ye-welding kufuneka akwazi ukuhlukanisa ukuba imbangela yesiphene yingxaki yenkqubo ye-welding okanye ingxaki yezakhono ze-welder. Ukuba yingxaki yezakhono, kufuneka isonjululwe ngoqeqesho lwe-welder.
5 Iimvavanyo ezifunwa yimigaqo ekhoyo yokufaneleka kwenkqubo yokuwelda ubukhulu becala ziimvavanyo zobushushu obuqhelekileyo bomatshini bamalungu adityanisiweyo. Oko kukuthi, ukuba uphumelele ukuhlolwa kwembonakalo, uvavanyo olungonakalisi kunye novavanyo oluqhelekileyo lobushushu bomatshini, ngokuqhelekileyo kuthathwa njengoluphumelele uvavanyo lwenkqubo ye-welding. Kwiintlobo ezintsha zetsimbi zokushisa okuphezulu kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu kwimibhobho yombane kwishishini lamandla, esi siphumo asithembekanga ngokupheleleyo, kwaye iimvavanyo zokunyamezela ubushushu obuphezulu, iimvavanyo ze-creep, i-corrosion yoxinzelelo kunye nezinye iimvavanyo zamalungu kufuneka ziqwalaselwe.
Ixesha lokuposa: Feb-27-2024
