Kwiimeko ezininzi, i-MIG gun consumables inokuba yinto yokucinga emva kwenkqubo ye-welding, njengoko iinkxalabo ngezixhobo, ukuhamba komsebenzi, ukuyila inxalenye kunye nokulawula ngakumbi ingqalelo yabaqhubi be-welding, abaphathi kunye nabanye ababandakanyekayo ekusebenzeni. Nangona kunjalo, la macandelo - ngakumbi iingcebiso zokunxibelelana - anokuba nefuthe elibalulekileyo ekusebenzeni kwe-welding.
Kwinkqubo ye-MIG ye-welding, i-tip yoqhagamshelwano inoxanduva lokudlulisela i-welding current kwi-wire njengoko idlula kwi-bore, idala i-arc. Ngokufanelekileyo, ucingo kufuneka ludlule ngokuxhathisa okuncinci ngelixa ugcina unxibelelwano lombane. Isikhundla sencam yoqhagamshelwano ngaphakathi kwi-nozzle, ekubhekiselwa kuyo njenge-recess yencam yoqhagamshelwano, ibaluleke ngokufanayo. Inokuchaphazela umgangatho, imveliso kunye neendleko ekusebenzeni kwe-welding. Kusenokuchaphazela ubungakanani bexesha elichithwe kusenziwa izinto ezingezozaxabiso elongeziweyo, ezifana nokusila okanye ukuqhushumba kweendawo ezingafaki galelo kwisiphumo somsebenzi wonke okanye ingeniso.
Ikhefu loqhagamshelwano elichanekileyo liyahluka ngokwesicelo. Ngenxa yokuba ukuncamathela okuncinci kocingo kukhokelela kwi-arc ezinzileyo kunye nokungena okungcono kwevoltage ephantsi, obona bude bokuncamathelayo bocingo ngokuqhelekileyo lobona bufutshane buvumelekileyo kwisicelo.
Impembelelo kumgangatho we-weld
Ikhefu loqhagamshelwano lichaphazela inani lezinto ezinokuthi ziphembelele umgangatho we-weld. Umzekelo, ukuncamathela okanye ukwandiswa kwe-electrode (ubude bocingo phakathi kwesiphelo sencam yoqhagamshelwano kunye nomphezulu womsebenzi) buyahluka ngokuhambelana nencam yencam yoqhagamshelwano-ngokukodwa, okukhona i-recess yencam yoqhagamshelwano inkulu, kokukhona ucingo lude luphume. Njengoko i-wire stickout isanda, i-voltage iyanda kwaye i-amperage iyancipha. Xa oku kusenzeka, i-arc inokungazinzi, ibangele isitshizi esigqithisileyo, i-arc wander, ulawulo olubi lobushushu kwiintsimbi ezibhityileyo kunye nezantya zokuhamba ezicothayo.
I-recess yengcebiso yoqhagamshelwano nayo ichaphazela ubushushu obukhazimlayo ukusuka kwi-arc ye-welding. Ukwakhiwa kobushushu kukhokelela ekunyukeni kokumelana nombane kwizinto ezisetyenziswayo ezingaphambili, ezinciphisa isakhono sencam yoqhagamshelwano yokudlula umsinga ukuya kwingcingo. Oku kungahambi kakuhle kunokubangela ukungena ngokwaneleyo, i-spatter kunye nezinye iingxaki ezinokubangela i-weld engamkelekanga okanye iholele ekusebenzeni kwakhona.
Kwakhona, ubushushu obuninzi ngokuqhelekileyo bunciphisa ubomi bokusebenza kwencam yoqhagamshelwano. Isiphumo siphezulu iindleko ezityiwayo zizonke kunye nexesha lokuphumla elikhulu lokutshintsha ingcebiso yoqhagamshelwano. Ngenxa yokuba ukusebenza phantse kusoloko kuyindleko enkulu ekusebenzeni kwe-welding, ukuba ixesha lokuphumla linokongeza ukunyuka okungeyomfuneko kwiindleko zemveliso.
Omnye umba obalulekileyo ochatshazelwe kukuqhagamshelwana nengcebiso kukukhusela ukugqunywa kwerhasi. Xa i-recess yencam yoqhagamshelwano ibeka umbhobho kude kude ne-arc kunye ne-weld puddle, indawo ye-welding isengozini yokuphuma komoya enokuphazamisa okanye isuse igesi ekhuselayo. Ukungakhuseleki kakuhle kwerhasi kukhokelela kwi-porosity, isitshizi kunye nokungena ngokwaneleyo.
Kuzo zonke ezi zizathu, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa ikhefu loqhagamshelwano elichanekileyo kwisicelo. Ezinye iingcebiso ziyalandela.
Umzobo 1: Ikhefu loqhagamshelwano elichanekileyo liyahluka ngokwesicelo. Soloko ujongana nezindululo zomenzi ukumisela ikhefu elifanelekileyo lengcebiso yoqhagamshelwano ngomsebenzi.
Iintlobo zekhefu loqhagamshelwano
I-diffuser, incam kunye nomlomo ngamalungu amathathu aphambili aquka izinto ezisetyenziswayo ze-MIG. I-diffuser incamathela ngqo kwintamo yompu kwaye ithwala i-current kwi-tip yoqhagamshelwano kwaye iqondise igesi kwi-nozzle. Incam idibanisa ne-diffuser kwaye idlulisa i-current kwi-wire njengoko ikhokela kwi-nozzle kunye ne-weld puddle. Umbhobho unamathele kwi-diffuser kwaye usebenza ukugcina igesi yokukhusela igxininise kwi-arc ye-welding kunye ne-puddle. Icandelo ngalinye lidlala indima ebalulekileyo kumgangatho we-weld jikelele.
Iindidi ezimbini ze-recess tip tip ziyafumaneka nge-MIG gun consumables: fixed okanye adjustable. Ngenxa yokuba i-recess yengcebiso yoqhagamshelwano ehlengahlengiswayo inokuguqulwa ibe kuluhlu olwahlukeneyo lobunzulu kunye nolwandiso, banenzuzo yokukwazi ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zokurhoxa zezicelo ezahlukeneyo kunye neenkqubo. Nangona kunjalo, zikwanyusa amandla empazamo yomntu, kuba abaqhubi be-welding bawahlengahlengisa ngokulawula indawo yomlomo okanye ngendlela yokutshixa ekhusela incam yoqhagamshelwano ngexesha lokuphumla elinikiweyo.
Ukuthintela ukuhluka, ezinye iinkampani zikhetha iingcebiso ezisisigxina ze-welding njengendlela yokuqinisekisa ukufana kwe-weld kunye nokufezekisa iziphumo ezihambelanayo ukusuka komnye umqhubi we-welding ukuya kwelinye. Iingcebiso ezisisigxina ze-recess ziqhelekileyo kwizicelo ze-welding ezizenzekelayo apho indawo yengcebiso ehambelanayo ibalulekile.
Abavelisi abohlukeneyo benza izinto ezisetyenziswayo ukuze kuhlaliswe iintlobo ngeentlobo zeencam zoqhagamshelwano, eziqhele ukusuka kwi-1⁄4-intshi yekhefu ukuya kwi-intshi eyi-1⁄8-intshi.
Ukumisela ikhefu elichanekileyo
Ikhefu loqhagamshelwano elichanekileyo liyahluka ngokwesicelo. Umgaqo olungileyo ekufuneka uqwalaselwe phantsi kweemeko ezininzi, njengoko ukunyuka kwangoku kunyuka, ikhefu kufuneka linyuke. Kwakhona ngenxa yokuba ukuncamathela okuncinci kukhokelela kwi-arc ezinzileyo kunye nokungena okungcono kwe-voltage ephantsi, obona bude bokuncamathelayo bocingo ngokuqhelekileyo lobona bufutshane buvumelekileyo kwisicelo. Nazi ezinye izikhokelo, ngezantsi. Kwakhona, bona uMfanekiso 1 ngamanqaku ongezelelweyo.
1.Ukwenzela i-pulsed welding, iinkqubo zokudlulisa isitshizi kunye nezinye izicelo ezingaphezu kwama-amps angama-200, i-recess ithiphu yoqhagamshelwano ye-1/8 intshi okanye i-1/4 intshi iyacetyiswa.
2.Izicelo ezinemisinga ephezulu, efana nezo zidibanisa iintsimbi ezishinyeneyo ngocingo olunobubanzi obukhulu okanye ucingo olune-metal-cored kunye nenkqubo yokudlulisa isitshizi, ithiphu yokunxibelelana ehlaziyiweyo inokunceda ukugcina incam yoqhagamshelwano kude nobushushu obuphezulu be-arc. Ukusebenzisa i-wire stickout emide kwezi nkqubo kunceda ukunciphisa ukwenzeka kokutshisa (apho ucingo lunyibilika kwaye lubambe kwincam yoqhagamshelwano) kunye ne-spatter, enceda ukwandisa ubomi boqhagamshelwano kunye nokunciphisa iindleko ezisetyenziswayo.
3.Xa usebenzisa inkqubo yokudlulisa i-short-circuit okanye i-low-current pulse welding, i-tip yokudibanisa egungxulwayo kunye ne-wire stickout ye-intshi eyi-1⁄4 inconywa ngokubanzi. Ubude obufutshane bokuncamathela buvumela ukuhanjiswa kwexesha elifutshane kwiweld imathiriyeli ebhityileyo ngaphandle kokubeka umngcipheko wokutsha okanye ukujija kunye nesitshizi esisezantsi.
I-4.Iingcebiso zoqhagamshelwano ezongeziweyo zihlala zigcinelwe inani elilinganiselweyo lezicelo ze-short-circuit ezinobunzima bokufikelela kwi-joint configurations, ezifana ne-V-groove enzulu kunye nemxinwa kwi-welding ye-pipe welding.
Olu qwalaselo lunokunceda ekukhetheni, kodwa soloko ujongana neengcebiso zomenzi ukuze ubone ikhefu elifanelekileyo lengcebiso yoqhagamshelwano ngomsebenzi. Khumbula, indawo echanekileyo inokunciphisa ithuba lokutshiza ngokugqithisileyo, i-porosity, ukungena ngokwaneleyo, ukutshisa okanye ukulwa nezinto ezincinci, kunye nokunye. Ngaphaya koko, xa inkampani ibona ingcebiso yoqhagamshelwano njengonobangela weengxaki ezinjalo, inokunceda ekupheliseni ixesha elininzi kunye neendleko zokulungisa iingxaki okanye imisebenzi yasemva kwe-weld efana nokusebenza kwakhona.
Ulwazi olongezelelweyo: Khetha iingcebiso ezisemgangathweni
Ngenxa yokuba iingcebiso zoqhagamshelwano ziyinto ebalulekileyo ekugqibezeleni i-welds esemgangathweni kunye nokunciphisa ixesha lokuphumla, kubalulekile ukukhetha ingcebiso yoqhagamshelwano ekumgangatho ophezulu. Ngelixa ezi mveliso zinokubiza ngaphezulu kancinci kuneemveliso zomgangatho ophantsi, zibonelela ngexabiso lexesha elide ngokwandisa ubomi kunye nokunciphisa ixesha lokutshintsha. Ukongeza, iingcebiso zoqhagamshelwano ezikumgangatho ophezulu zinokwenziwa ukusuka kwiialloyi zobhedu eziphuculweyo kwaye ziqhele ukwenziwa ngoomatshini ukuze kunyanyezelwe ngoomatshini, kudala uqhagamshelo olungcono lwe-thermal kunye nombane ukunciphisa ukwakhiwa kobushushu kunye nokumelana nombane. Izinto ezisetyenziswayo ezikumgangatho ophezulu ngokuqhelekileyo zinendawo egudileyo esembindini, ekhokelela ekukhuhlaneni okuncinci njengoko ucingo ludlula. Oko kuthetha ukutyiswa kocingo okungaguqukiyo ngokutsalwa okuncinci, kunye nemiba enokubakho embalwa yobulunga. Iingcebiso zoqhagamshelwano ezikumgangatho ophezulu nazo zinokunceda ukunciphisa ukutsha kunye nokunceda ukukhusela i-arc ephosakeleyo ebangelwa ukungahambi kakuhle kombane.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jan-01-2023
