I-Welding, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-welding okanye i-welding, yinkqubo yokuvelisa kunye neteknoloji esebenzisa ubushushu, ubushushu obuphezulu okanye uxinzelelo oluphezulu lokujoyina isinyithi okanye ezinye izinto ze-thermoplastic ezifana neeplastiki. Ngokwemeko yesinyithi kwinkqubo ye-welding kunye neempawu zenkqubo, iindlela ze-welding zinokwahlulwa zibe ngamacandelo amathathu: i-fusion welding, i-welding yoxinzelelo kunye ne-brazing.
I-Fusion welding – ukufudumeza izixhobo zokusebenza eziza kudityaniswa ukuze zizenze zinyibilike kancinane zenze ichibi elinyibilikisiweyo, kwaye ichibi elinyibilikisiweyo liyapholiswa lize lomelele phambi kokuba lidityaniswe. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, iifayili zingongezwa ukunceda
1. Laser welding
Ukuwelda kweLaser kusebenzisa umqadi welaser ojolisiweyo njengomthombo wamandla ukubhobhoza i-workpiece ngobushushu bokuwelda. Iyakwazi ukuwelda izixhobo zetsimbi ezahlukeneyo kunye nezinto ezingezizo ezentsimbi ezifana nentsimbi yekhabhoni, intsimbi yesilicon, ialuminiyam kunye netitanium kunye nealloys zazo, itungsten, imolybdenum kunye nezinye iintsimbi eziphikisayo kunye neentsimbi ezingafaniyo, kunye neeseramikhi, iglasi kunye neeplastiki. Okwangoku, isetyenziswa ikakhulu kwizixhobo ze-elektroniki, inqwelomoya, i-aerospace, i-reactors yenyukliya kunye namanye amacandelo. I-laser welding inezi mpawu zilandelayo:
(1) Ubuninzi bamandla ombane we-laser buphezulu, inkqubo yokufudumeza imfutshane kakhulu, i-solder joints incinci, indawo echatshazelwe bubushushu imxinwa, i-welding deformation incinci, kwaye ukuchaneka kwe-weld kuphezulu;
(2) Iyakwazi ukuwelda izinto ekunzima ukuzidibanisa ngeendlela eziqhelekileyo zokuwelda, ezifana nokuwelda intsimbi ekhanyelayo njenge tungsten, molybdenum, tantalum, ne zirconium;
(3) Izinyithi ezingenayo intsimbi zinokudityaniswa emoyeni ngaphandle kwegesi eyongezelelweyo yokukhusela;
(4) Isixhobo sinzima kwaye iindleko ziphezulu.
2. Ukuwelda kwegesi
Ukuwelda kwerhasi kusetyenziswa kakhulu ekudibaniseni iipleyiti zentsimbi ezibhityileyo, izinto ezinyibilikayo ezisezantsi (isinyithi esingeyontsimbi kunye nealloyi zazo), iinxalenye zentsimbi kunye nezixhobo eziqinileyo zealloy, kunye nokulungisa ukuwelda kweendawo ezigugileyo nezichithiweyo, ukulungiswa kwedangatya lenxalenye. deformation, njl.
3. I-arc welding
Inokwahlulwa ibe yi-welding ye-arc ye-manual kunye ne-arc welding ephantsi kwamanzi
(1) I-arc ye-manual inokwenza i-welding ye-multi-position efana ne-flat welding, i-welding ethe nkqo, i-welding ethe tye kunye ne-welding ephezulu. Ukongezelela, ngenxa yokuba izixhobo ze-arc welding ziphathwa kwaye ziguquguqukayo ekuphatheni, imisebenzi ye-welding inokwenziwa kuyo nayiphi na indawo kunye nokunikezelwa kwamandla. Ilungele ukuwelda kwezixhobo ezahlukeneyo zetsimbi, ubukhulu obahlukeneyo kunye neemilo ezahlukeneyo zesakhiwo;
(2) Ukuwelda kwe-arc emanzini kulungele kuphela izikhundla zokuwelda ezisicaba, kwaye ayifanelekanga ukuwelda iipleyiti ezibhityileyo ezinobunzima obungaphantsi kwe-1mm. Ngenxa yokungena nzulu kwe-arc welding entywilayo, imveliso ephezulu kunye nenqanaba eliphezulu lokusebenza ngoomatshini, ifanelekile ukuwelda iiweld ezinde zezakhiwo zepleyiti eziphakathi kunye nezityebileyo. Izinto ezinokuthi zifakwe kwi-welding ye-arc ephantsi kwamanzi ziye zaphuhliswa ukusuka kwi-carbon structural iron ukuya kwi-low alloy structural iron, insimbi engenasici, intsimbi ekwazi ukumelana nobushushu, njl. ialloys, kunye nealloys zethusi.
4. Ukuwelda kwegesi
I-arc welding esebenzisa igesi yangaphandle njenge-arc medium kwaye ikhusela i-arc kunye ne-welding indawo ibizwa ngokuba yi-gas shielded arc welding, okanye i-gas welding ngokufutshane. Ukuwelda kombane ngegesi idla ngokwahlulwa ibe yi-electrode enganyibilikiyo (i-electrode ye-tungsten) igesi engasebenziyo ikhuselwe ukuwelda kunye nokunyibilika kwegesi yegesi ye-electrode ekhuselweyo, i-oxidizing igesi edibeneyo ekhuselekile, i-CO2 yegesi ekhuselweyo kunye negesi ye-tubular ekhuselwe ukuwelda ngokuhambelana nokuba i-electrode ityhidiwe. hayi kwaye igesi ekhuselayo yahlukile.
Phakathi kwazo, i-welding enganyibiliki kakhulu ene-inert ekhuselweyo ingasetyenziselwa ukuwelda phantse zonke iintsimbi kunye ne-alloys, kodwa ngenxa yeendleko zayo eziphezulu, ihlala isetyenziselwa ukuwelda isinyithi esingeyontsimbi njenge-aluminium, i-magnesium, i-titanium kunye nobhedu, njengoko kunye nentsimbi engenasici kunye nentsimbi ekwazi ukumelana nobushushu. Ukongeza kwiingenelo eziphambili zegesi yegesi ye-electrode enganyibilikiyo ekhuselweyo (inokuthi idityaniswe kwizikhundla ezahlukeneyo; ilungele ukuwelda uninzi lwesinyithi njengesinyithi esingenawo i-ferrous, insimbi engenasici, intsimbi enganyangeki ubushushu, intsimbi yekhabhoni, kunye nentsimbi yealloyi) , nayo Ikwanazo iingenelo zesantya sokuwelda ngokukhawuleza kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kokubekwa.
5. I-Plasma arc welding
Ii-arcs zePlasma zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwi-welding, ukupeyinta kunye nokujonga phezulu. Iyakwazi ukuwelda izinto zokusebenza ezibhityileyo nezibhityileyo (ezifana nokuwelda iintsimbi ezibhityileyo kakhulu ngaphantsi kwe-1mm).
6. Electroslag welding
I-Electroslag welding inokuwelda iintsimbi ezahlukeneyo ze-carbon structural, i-alloy-alloy high-forth steels, iintsimbi ezinganyangekiyo kubushushu kunye ne-medium-alloy steels, kwaye isetyenziswe ngokubanzi ekwenzeni iibhoyili, iinqanawa zoxinzelelo, oomatshini abanzima, izixhobo zetsimbi kunye neenqanawa. Ukongeza, i-electroslag welding ingasetyenziselwa indawo enkulu kunye nokulungisa i-welding.
7. Ukuwelda umqa we-electron
Izixhobo ze-electron beam welding zinzima, ziyabiza, kwaye zifuna ukulungiswa okuphezulu; iimfuno zendibano ye-weldments ziphezulu, kwaye ubungakanani bukhawulelwe ngobukhulu begumbi lokucoca; Ukhuseleko lweX-reyi luyafuneka. I-Electron beam welding ingasetyenziselwa ukuwelda iintsimbi ezininzi kunye nealloys kunye nezinto zokusebenza ezifuna ukuguqulwa okuncinci kunye nomgangatho ophezulu. Okwangoku, i-electron beam welding isetyenziswe ngokubanzi kwizixhobo ezichanekileyo, iimitha kunye namashishini e-elektroniki.
I-Brazing-Ukusebenzisa izinto zetsimbi ezinendawo ephantsi yokunyibilika kunesiseko sesinyithi njenge-solder, usebenzisa i-solder engamanzi ukumanzisa isiseko sesinyithi, ukugcwalisa i-gap, kunye nokudibanisa kunye nesiseko sesinyithi ukuqonda ukudibanisa kwe-weldment.
1. Ukuvutha komlilo:
I-Flame brazing ifanelekile ukubethelwa kwezinto ezifana nekhabhoni yensimbi, intsimbi, ubhedu kunye ne-alloys yayo. Idangatye le-oxyacetylene lilangatye elisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo.
2. Ukuchasa ukunyathela
Ukuchaswa kwe-resistance brazing kuhlulwe ngokufudumeza ngokuthe ngqo kunye nokufudumala okungathanga ngqo. I-brazing yokumelana nokufudumeza ngokungathanga ngqo ifanelekile ukubethelwa kwe-weldments kunye nokwahlukana okukhulu kwiipropati ze-thermophysical kunye nokwahlukana okukhulu kobukhulu. 3. I-induction brazing: I-induction brazing ibonakaliswe ngokufudumeza ngokukhawuleza, ukusebenza kakuhle, ukufudumeza kwendawo, kunye ne-automation elula. Ngokwendlela yokukhusela, inokwahlulwa ibe yi-induction brazing emoyeni, i-induction brazing kwi-gas ekhuselayo kunye ne-induction brazing kwi-vacuum.
Uxinzelelo lwe-welding - inkqubo ye-welding kufuneka ifake uxinzelelo kwi-weldment, eyahlulahlula kwi-welding yokumelana kunye ne-ultrasonic welding.
1. Ukumelana ne-welding
Kukho iindlela ezine eziphambili zokumelana nokuwelda, ezizezi, ukuwelda kwebala, ukuwelda komthungo, ukuwelda kwentelekelelo kunye ne-butt welding. I-Spot welding ifanelekile kwisitampu kwaye iqengqeleke amalungu epleyiti ebhityileyo anokuthi agqitywe, amalunga awafuni ukungena komoya, kwaye ubukhulu bungaphantsi kwe-3mm. I-Seam welding isetyenziswa kakhulu ekudibaneni kwamaphepha emigqomo yeoli, iinkonkxa, iiradiyetha, iinqwelomoya kunye neitanki zamafutha emoto. Ukuwelda kweProjekthi kusetyenziselwa ukuwelda iindawo zokutywina zentsimbi ephantsi yekhabhoni kunye nentsimbi ephantsi. Obona bunzima bufanelekileyo kwi-plate projection welding yi-0.5-4mm.
2. Ultrasonic welding
Ukuwelda kwe-Ultrasonic kumgaqo-siseko ofanelekileyo welding uninzi lwe-thermoplastics.
Ixesha lokuposa: Mar-29-2023
