【Abstract】I-tungsten inert yegesi yokuwelda yeyona ndlela ibaluleke kakhulu kwimizi-mveliso yanamhlanje. Eli phepha lihlalutya uxinzelelo lwe-stainless steel sheet welding pool kunye ne-welding deformation yepleyiti ebhityileyo, kwaye yazisa inkqubo ye-welding ebalulekileyo kunye nokusetyenziswa okusebenzayo kwe-tungsten inert yegesi ye-welding ye-stainless steel stainless plates.
Intshayelelo
Ngophuhliso oluqhubekayo lwemveliso yanamhlanje, iipleyiti zensimbi ezingenasici zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi ukukhusela, ukuhamba ngenqwelomoya, ishishini lemichiza, i-elektroniki kunye namanye amashishini, kunye ne-welding ye-1-3mm yeepleyiti zensimbi ezingenasici nazo ziyanda. Ke ngoko, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuyiqonda kakuhle inkqubo yezinto eziyimfuneko zentsimbi yentsimbi engenasici.
I-Tungsten inert gas welding (TIG) isebenzisa i-pulsed arc, eneempawu zokungenisa ukushisa okuphantsi, ukushisa okugxininisiweyo, indawo encinci echaphazelekayo yokushisa, i-deformation encinci ye-welding, igalelo lobushushu obufanayo, kunye nokulawula okungcono kwamandla omgca; i-airflow ekhuselayo inempembelelo yokupholisa ngexesha le-welding, enokunciphisa ubushushu bomphezulu we-pool etyhidiweyo kwaye yandise ukunyanzeliswa komphezulu we-pool etyhidiweyo; I-TIG kulula ukuyisebenzisa, kulula ukujonga imeko yedama elinyibilikisiweyo, i-welds eshinyeneyo, iipropathi ezilungileyo zoomatshini, kunye nokwakheka komhlaba okuhle. Okwangoku, i-TIG isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kumashishini ahlukeneyo, ngakumbi kwi-welding yeepleyiti zensimbi ezingenasici.
1. Izinto eziyimfuneko zobugcisa ze-tungsten inert yegesi ye-welding
1.1 Ukukhethwa komatshini wokuwelda igesi ye-tungsten inert kunye ne-polarity yamandla
I-TIG inokohlulwa ibe yi-DC kunye ne-AC pulses. I-DC pulse TIG isetyenziselwa ikakhulu ukuwelda intsimbi, intsimbi ethambileyo, intsimbi ekwaziyo ukumelana nobushushu, njl. njl., kunye ne-AC pulse TIG isetyenziselwa ukuwelda iintsimbi ezikhanyayo ezifana ne-aluminiyam, i-magnesium, ubhedu kunye ne-alloys yayo. Zombini ii-AC kunye ne-DC pulses zisebenzisa amandla asezantsi okwehlayo. I-TIG ye-welding yensimbi engenasici kwiipleyiti ezibhityileyo zihlala zisebenzisa udibaniso oluhle lwe-DC.
1.2 Izinto eziyimfuneko zobugcisa ze-tungsten inert ye-gas welding manual
1.2.1 Ukuqala kweArc
Ukuqala kwe-Arc kuneendlela ezimbini: ukungaqhagamshelwa kunye noqhagamshelwano olufutshane lwesekethe ye-arc oluqalayo. Owangaphambili akanalo uqhagamshelwano phakathi kwe-electrode kunye ne-workpiece, efanelekileyo kuzo zombini i-DC kunye ne-AC welding, ngelixa le yokugqibela ifanelekile kuphela kwi-DC welding. Ukuba indlela ye-short-circuit isetyenziselwa ukuqala i-arc, i-arc ayifanele iqalwe ngokuthe ngqo kwi-weldment, kuba kulula ukuvelisa i-tungsten clamping okanye i-adhesion kunye ne-workpiece, i-arc ayikwazi ukuzinza ngokukhawuleza, kwaye i-arc ilula. ukugqobhoza imathiriyeli yomzali. Ke ngoko, ipleyiti yokuqalisa i-arc kufuneka isetyenziswe. Ipleyiti yobhedu kufuneka ibekwe ecaleni kwendawo yokuqala ye-arc. I-arc kufuneka iqalwe kuyo kuqala, kwaye ke intloko ye-electrode ye-tungsten kufuneka ifudunyezwe kwiqondo lokushisa elithile ngaphambi kokuba ihambe kwindawo ukuze idityaniswe. Kwimveliso eyiyo, i-TIG ihlala isebenzisa i-arc starter ukuqalisa i-arc. Ngaphantsi kwesenzo se-high-frequency current okanye i-high-voltage pulse current, i-argon gas i-ionized kwaye i-arc iqalisiwe.
1.2.2 Ukubeka iwelding
Ngexesha lokubeka i-welding, ucingo lwe-welding kufuneka lube luncinci kunocingo oluqhelekileyo olusetyenziswayo. Ngenxa yokuba iqondo lobushushu lisezantsi kwaye ukupholisa kukhawuleza ngexesha lokuwelda, i-arc ihlala ixesha elide, ngoko kulula ukuyitshisa. Xa usenza i-spot fixed position welding, ucingo lwe-welding kufuneka lubekwe kwindawo ye-welding, kwaye i-arc kufuneka ihanjiswe kwi-welding wire emva kokuba izinzile. Emva kokuba ucingo lwe-welding luyancibilika kunye ne-fuses kunye nezixhobo zomzali kumacala omabini, i-arc iyayeka ngokukhawuleza.
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1.2.3 Ukuwelda okuqhelekileyo
Xa i-TIG eqhelekileyo isetyenziselwa i-stainless sheet sheet welding, okwangoku ithathwa njengexabiso elincinci. Nangona kunjalo, xa umsinga ungaphantsi kwe-20A, i-arc drift kulula ukwenzeka, kwaye iqondo lobushushu lendawo ye-cathode liphezulu kakhulu, eliya kubangela ukufudumeza kunye nokutshisa kwindawo ye-welding kunye nokonakala kweemeko zokukhutshwa kwe-electron, kubangela ukuba indawo ye-cathode ixhume ngokuqhubekayo. , okwenza kube nzima ukugcina i-welding eqhelekileyo. Xa i-pulse TIG isetyenzisiwe, i-peak current inokwenza i-arc izinzile kwaye ibe ne-directivity efanelekileyo, okwenza kube lula ukunyibilikisa izinto zomzali kunye nokwenza, kunye ne-cyclically alternate ukuqinisekisa inkqubela egudileyo yenkqubo ye-welding, ukuze ufumane i-weld. nokusebenza kakuhle, inkangeleko entle, kunye namachibi anyibilikisiweyo athelelekayo.
2. Uhlalutyo lwe-Weldability lweshidi lensimbi engenasici
Iimpawu ezibonakalayo kunye neplate shape ye-stainless steel sheet ichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo umgangatho we-weld. Ishidi lensimbi engenasici line-conductivity encinci ye-thermal kunye ne-coefficient enkulu yokwandisa umgca. Xa ubushushu be-welding butshintsha ngokukhawuleza, uxinzelelo lwe-thermal oluveliswayo lukhulu, kwaye kulula ukutshisa, ukunqumla kunye nokuguqulwa kwamaza. Ukuwelda kweshiti lentsimbi engenastainless ubukhulu becala kwamkela ipleyiti esicaba. Idama elinyibilikisiweyo lichatshazelwa ikakhulu yi-arc force, umxhuzulane wesinyithi sedama elinyibilikisiweyo kunye nokuxinana komphezulu wesinyithi sedama elinyibilikisiweyo. Xa umthamo, ubunzima kunye nobubanzi obutyhidiweyo besinyithi sechibi esityhidiweyo sihlala sihlala, ubunzulu bedama elityhidiweyo buxhomekeke kubukhulu be-arc. Ubunzulu obutyhidiweyo kunye namandla e-arc anxulumene ne-welding yangoku, kwaye ububanzi obutyhidiweyo bumiselwa yi-arc voltage.
Okukhona umkhulu umthamo wedama elinyibilikisiweyo, kokukhona kukho ukuxinana komphezulu. Xa ukuxinana komphezulu kungenakukwazi ukulinganisa amandla e-arc kunye nobunzima besinyithi sedama elinyibilikisiweyo, kuya kubangela ukuba idama elinyibilikisiweyo litshise. Ukongezelela, i-weldment iya kutshiswa kwindawo kwaye ipholile ngexesha lenkqubo ye-welding, ibangele uxinzelelo olungalinganiyo kunye noxinzelelo. Xa i-longitudinal yokunciphisa i-weld ivelisa uxinzelelo emphethweni wepleyiti ebhityileyo edlula ixabiso elithile, iya kuvelisa ukuguqulwa kwamaza amakhulu, okuchaphazela umgangatho wenkangeleko ye-workpiece. Phantsi kwendlela yokuwelda efanayo kunye neeparamitha zenkqubo, usebenzisa i-electrode ye-tungsten yeemilo ezahlukeneyo ukunciphisa igalelo lobushushu kwi-welding joint inokusombulula iingxaki ezinjengokutshisa kwe-weld kunye ne-workpiece deformation.
3. Ukusetyenziswa kwe-tungsten manual inert yegesi ye-welding kwi-stainless steel sheet welding
3.1 Umgaqo weWelding
I-Tungsten inert yegesi ye-welding yi-arc evulekileyo yokuwelda ene-arc ezinzileyo kunye nobushushu obugxininisiweyo. Ngaphantsi kokhuseleko lwegesi ye-inert (i-argon), i-pool ye-welding ihlambulukile kwaye umgangatho we-weld ulungile. Nangona kunjalo, xa welding steel stainless, ingakumbi austenitic stainless steel, ngasemva weld kufuneka kwakhona ukukhuselwa, kungenjalo kuya kubangela oxidation kakhulu, echaphazela ukubunjwa weld kunye nokusebenza welding.
3.2 Iimpawu zokuwelda
I-welding ye-stainless sheet inezi mpawu zilandelayo:
I-1) I-thermal conductivity ye-stainless steel sheet ihluphekile kwaye kulula ukutshisa ngokuthe ngqo.
2) Akukho cingo lwe-welding olufunekayo ngexesha le-welding, kwaye izinto zomzali zixutywe ngokuthe ngqo.
Ngoko ke, umgangatho we-stainless sheet welding welding uhambelana ngokusondeleyo nezinto ezifana nabaqhubi, izixhobo, izixhobo, iindlela zokwakha, indawo yangaphandle ngexesha le-welding kunye nokufumanisa.
Kwinkqubo ye-welding ye-stainless steel sheet, izinto ze-welding azidingeki, kodwa ezi zinto zilandelayo zifunekayo ukuba zibe phezulu: Okokuqala, ukucoceka, izinga lokuhamba kunye nexesha lokuhamba kwe-argon yegesi ye-argon, kwaye okwesibini, i-tungsten electrode.
1) Argon
I-Argon yigesi ye-inert kwaye akulula ukusabela kunye nezinye izinto zetsimbi kunye neegesi. Ngenxa yokuba ukuhamba kwayo kwegesi kunempembelelo yokupholisa, indawo echaphazelekayo yokushisa i-weld encinci, kwaye i-deformation ye-weld incinci. Yeyona rhasi ikhuselayo ye-tungsten inert yegesi ye-arc welding. Ukucoceka kwe-argon kufuneka kube ngaphezu kwe-99.99%. I-Argon isetyenziselwa ukukhusela ngokufanelekileyo i-pool etyhidiweyo, ukuthintela umoya ekungcoleni i-pool etyhidiweyo kwaye ibangele i-oxidation ngexesha le-welding, kwaye ihlukanise ngokufanelekileyo indawo ye-weld emoyeni, ukwenzela ukuba indawo ye-weld ikhuselwe kwaye iphuculwe ukusebenza kwe-welding.
2) Tungsten electrode
Umphezulu we-electrode ye-tungsten kufuneka ihambe kakuhle, isiphelo kufuneka siphuculwe, kwaye ukugxila kukuhle. Ngale ndlela, i-arc ye-high-frequency arc ilungile, ukuzinza kwe-arc kulungile, ubunzulu bokunyibilika bunzulu, i-pool etyhidiweyo ingakwazi ukuhlala izinzile, i-weld yenziwe kakuhle, kwaye umgangatho we-welding ulungile. Ukuba ubuso be-electrode ye-tungsten butshisiwe okanye kukho iziphene ezinjengokungcola, ukuqhekeka, imingxuma yokuncipha, njl. ebusweni, i-high-frequency arc inzima ukuqala ngexesha le-welding, i-arc ayizinzile, i-arc ine-drift, Ichibi elinyibilikisiweyo liyachithwa, umphezulu uyandiswa, ubunzulu bokunyibilika abunzulu, i-weld yenziwe kakubi, kwaye umgangatho wokuwelda umbi.
4. Isiphelo
1) I-tungsten inert ye-arc welding yegesi inezinzo ezilungileyo, kwaye iimilo ze-electrode ezahlukeneyo ze-tungsten zinempembelelo enkulu kumgangatho we-welding yeepleyiti zensimbi ezingenasici.
I-2) I-flat-top cone-end tungsten inert electrode welding inokuphucula isantya sokubumba esinamacala amabini, ukunciphisa ubushushu be-welding indawo echaphazelekayo, ukwenza i-weld ibe ntle, kwaye ibe neepropati ezilungileyo ezibanzi zoomatshini.
I-3) Ukusebenzisa indlela ye-welding echanekileyo kunokuthintela ngokufanelekileyo iziphene ze-welding.
Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-21-2024
