Kubalulekile kubaqhubi abatsha be-welding ukuseka iindlela ezifanelekileyo ze-MIG ukuze bafezekise umgangatho olungileyo we-weld kunye nokwandisa imveliso. Iindlela zokhuseleko zingundoqo, nazo. Kubaluleke ngokufanayo, nangona kunjalo, kubaqhubi abanamava be-welding ukuba bakhumbule iziseko ukuze baphephe imikhwa enokuthi ibe nefuthe elibi ekusebenzeni kwe-welding.
Ukusuka ekusebenziseni i-ergonomics ekhuselekileyo ukuya ekusebenziseni i-angle yompu ye-MIG efanelekileyo kunye nezantya zokuhamba ze-welding kunye nokunye, iindlela ezilungileyo ze-MIG zokuwelda zibonelela ngeziphumo ezilungileyo. Nanga amanye amacebiso.
I-ergonomics efanelekileyo
Umqhubi we-welding okhululekile ngowona okhuselekileyo. I-ergonomics efanelekileyo kufuneka ibe phakathi kwezinto zokuqala ezisisiseko zokuseka kwinkqubo ye-MIG (kunye nezixhobo ezifanelekileyo zokukhusela, kunjalo).
Umqhubi we-welding okhululekile nguye okhuselekileyo. I-ergonomics efanelekileyo kufuneka ibe phakathi kwezinto zokuqala ezisisiseko zokuseka kwinkqubo ye-MIG ye-welding (kunye nezixhobo ezifanelekileyo zokukhusela, ngokuqinisekileyo). I-Ergonomics inokuchazwa, ngokulula, “njengophononongo lwendlela izixhobo ezinokulungiswa ngayo ukuze abantu benze umsebenzi okanye eminye imisebenzi ngokufanelekileyo nangokukhululeka.”1 Ukubaluleka kwe-ergonomics kumqhubi we-welding kunokuba neziphumo ezifikelela kude. Indawo yokusebenzela okanye umsebenzi obangela ukuba umqhubi we-welding afikelele ngokuphindaphindiweyo, ashukume, abambe okanye ajike ngendlela engeyoyamvelo, kwaye nokuba ahlale kwindawo engatshintshiyo ixesha elide ngaphandle kokuphumla. Konke kunokukhokelela kumonzakalo woxinzelelo oluphindaphindiweyo kunye neempembelelo zobomi obude.
I-ergonomics efanelekileyo inokukhusela abaqhubi be-welding kwingozi ngelixa ikwaphucula imveliso kunye nenzuzo ye-welding operation ngokunciphisa ukungabikho kwabasebenzi.
Ezinye izisombululo ze-ergonomic ezinokuphucula ukhuseleko kunye nemveliso ziquka:
1. Ukusebenzisa i-MIG ye-welding gun kunye ne-trigger yokuvala ukukhusela "i-trigger finger". Oku kubangelwa kukufaka uxinzelelo kwi-trigger ixesha elide.
2. Ukusebenzisa i-MIG gun enentamo ejikelezayo ukuze uncede umqhubi we-welding ahambe ngokulula ukufikelela kwi-joint kunye noxinzelelo oluncinci kumzimba.
3. Ukugcina izandla kumphakamo wengqiniba okanye ngaphantsi kancinci ngelixa uwelda.
4. Umsebenzi wokubeka phakathi kwesinqe somqhubi we-welding kunye namagxa ukuqinisekisa ukuba i-welding iyagqitywa ngokusondeleyo kwi-posture yokungathathi hlangothi kangangoko kunokwenzeka.
5. Ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lokuphindaphinda ngokuphindaphindiweyo ngokusebenzisa izibhamu ze-MIG kunye ne-swivels ngasemva kwintambo yamandla.
6. Ukusebenzisa udibaniso oluhlukeneyo lwee-angles zokubamba, ii-engile zentamo kunye nobude bentamo ukugcina isandla somqhubi we-welding kwindawo engathathi hlangothi.
I-angle yokusebenza efanelekileyo, i-angle yokuhamba kunye nokunyakaza
Umpu ofanelekileyo we-welding okanye i-angle yokusebenza, i-angle yokuhamba kunye ne-MIG ye-welding technique ixhomekeke kubukhulu besiseko sesinyithi kunye nesikhundla se-welding. I-angle yomsebenzi "ubudlelwane phakathi kwe-axis ye-electrode ukuya kumsebenzi we-welders". I-angle yokuhamba ibhekisa ekuqeshweni nokuba yi-angle yokutyhala (esalatha kwicala lokuhamba) okanye i-angle yokutsala, xa i-electrode ibonakaliswe ngokuchasene nohambo. (i-AWS Welding Handbook 9th Edition Vol 2 Page 184)2.
Indawo ethe tyaba
Xa udibanisa i-butt joint (i-180-degree joint), umqhubi we-welding kufuneka abambe i-MIG ye-welding gun kwi-angle ye-90-degree yomsebenzi (ngokumalunga nomsebenzi womsebenzi). Ngokuxhomekeke kubukhulu bezinto ezisisiseko, tyhala isibhamu kwi-angle yetotshi phakathi kwe-5 kunye ne-15 degrees. Ukuba umdibaniso ufuna ukudlula okuphindaphindiweyo, ukunyakaza okuncinci ukuya kwicala, ukubamba iinzwane ze-weld, kunokuncedisa ukugcwalisa umdibaniso kunye nokunciphisa umngcipheko wokunciphisa.
Kwi-T-joints, bamba umpu kwi-angle yokusebenza ye-45 degrees kunye ne-lap joints i-angle yokusebenza malunga ne-60 degrees ifanelekile (i-15 degrees ukusuka kwi-45 degrees).
Indawo ethe tyaba
Kwimeko ye-welding ethe tyaba, i-angle yokusebenza ye-30 ukuya kwi-60 degrees isebenza kakuhle, kuxhomekeke kuhlobo kunye nobukhulu bomdibaniselwano. Injongo kukuthintela intsimbi yokuzalisa ukuba ingagungxuli okanye iqengqeleke kwicala elingezantsi le-weld joint.
Indawo ethe nkqo
Ukusuka ekusebenziseni i-ergonomics ekhuselekileyo ukuya ekusebenziseni i-angle yompu ye-MIG efanelekileyo kunye nezantya zokuhamba ze-welding kunye nokunye, iindlela ezilungileyo ze-MIG zibonelela ngeziphumo ezilungileyo.
Kwi-T-joint, umqhubi we-welding kufuneka asebenzise i-angle yomsebenzi engaphezulu kancinane kune-90 degrees ukuya kwi-joint. Qaphela, xa u-welding kwindawo ethe nkqo, kukho iindlela ezimbini: i-weld kwi-uphill okanye i-downhill direction.
Indlela yokunyuka isetyenziselwa imathiriyeli engqindilili xa kufuneka ukungena okukhulu. Ubuchule obulungileyo be-T-Joint bubiza i-upside-down V. Le ndlela iqinisekisa ukuba umqhubi we-welding ugcina ukuhambelana kunye nokungena kwingcambu ye-weld, apho iinqununu ezimbini zidibana khona. Le ndawo yeyona nto ibalulekileyo ye weld.Obunye ubuchule kukuwelding ezantsi. Oku kuyathandwa kushishino lwemibhobho ye-welding evulekileyo yeengcambu kwaye xa udibanisa izinto zokulinganisa ezibhityileyo.
Indawo ephezulu
Injongo xa i-MIG iwelding ngaphezulu kukugcina intsimbi etyhidiweyo ye-weld kwi-joint. Oko kufuna isantya sokuhamba ngokukhawuleza kunye nee-engile zokusebenza ziya kuchazwa yindawo yokudibanisa. Gcina i-engile yokuhamba ye-5 ukuya kwi-15 degree. Nabuphi na ubuchule bokuluka kufuneka bugcinwe buncinci ukugcina iliso lincinci. Ukufumana impumelelo enkulu, umqhubi we-welding kufuneka abe kwindawo ekhululekile ngokumalunga ne-angle yomsebenzi kunye nendlela yokuhamba.
ucingo stickout kunye nengcebiso-to-umsebenzi umgama
I-wire stickout iya kutshintsha ngokuxhomekeke kwinkqubo ye-welding. Kwiwelding yesekethe emfutshane, kulungile ukugcina i-1/4- ukuya kwi-3/8-intshi yocingo oluncamathelayo ukunciphisa isitshizi. Naliphi ixesha elide lokuncamathela liyakwandisa ukuxhathisa kombane, ukuthoba umsinga kunye nokukhokelela kwi-spatter. Xa usebenzisa i-spray arc transfer, i-stickout kufuneka ibe malunga ne-3/4 intshi.
Umgama ofanelekileyo wokuqhagamshelana ne-tip-to-work (CTWD) nayo ibalulekile ekufumaneni ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-welding. I-CTWD esetyenzisiweyo ixhomekeke kwinkqubo ye-welding. Ngokomzekelo, xa usebenzisa imodi yokudlulisa isitshizi, ukuba i-CTWD imfutshane kakhulu, inokubangela ukutshisa. Ukuba lide kakhulu, linokubangela ukungaqhubeki kwe-weld ngenxa yokungabikho kokhuselo olufanelekileyo lwegesi. Kwiwelding yokudlulisa isitshizi, i-3/4-intshi ye-CTWD ifanelekile, ngelixa i-3/8 ukuya kwi-1/2 intshi iya kusebenza kwi-welding yesekethe emfutshane.
Isantya sokuhamba nge-welding
Isantya sokuhamba sichaphazela imilo kunye nomgangatho we-weld bead ukuya kwinqanaba elibalulekileyo. Abaqhubi be-welding baya kufuna ukumisela isantya esichanekileyo sokuhamba nge-welding ngokugweba ubungakanani be-weld pool ngokumalunga nobukhulu obudibeneyo.
Ngesantya sokuhamba nge-welding esikhawuleza kakhulu, abaqhubi be-welding baya kuphelela nge-bead emxinwa, e-convex kunye ne-tie-in engafanelekanga kwiinzwane ze-weld. Ukungena okungonelanga, ukuphazamiseka kunye nentsimbi ye-weld engahambelaniyo ibangelwa ukuhamba ngokukhawuleza. Ukuhamba ngokucotha kakhulu kunokungenisa ubushushu obuninzi kwi-weld, okukhokelela kwi-weld bead ebanzi ngokugqithisileyo. Kwimathiriyeli ebhityileyo, inokubangela ukutshisa.
Iingcamango zokugqibela
Xa kuziwa ekuphuculeni ukhuseleko kunye nemveliso, kuxhomekeke kumagqala welding welding njengoko kusenziwa i-welding entsha ukuseka nokulandela indlela efanelekileyo ye-MIG. Ukwenza oko kunceda ukuphepha ukwenzakala okunokwenzeka kunye nexesha lokuphumla elingeyomfuneko ukuze kuphinde kusebenze iiwelds ezikumgangatho ophantsi. Gcina ukhumbula ukuba akunakuze kube buhlungu kubaqhubi be-welding ukuba bahlaziye ulwazi lwabo malunga ne-MIG yokuwelda kwaye kusemdleni wabo nakwinkampani ukuqhubeka nokulandela ezona ndlela zilungileyo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jan-02-2023
