Zihlobo ezithandekayo zokuwelda, imisebenzi ye-welding yombane oyenzayo inokubandakanya iingozi zomsi zesinyithi, iingozi zerhasi ezinobungozi, kunye nobungozi bemitha yearc ukukhanya ngexesha lomsebenzi wakho. Ndimele ndikwazise ngezinto ezinobungozi kunye namanyathelo okuthintela!
Izixhobo zokuwelda iXinfa zineempawu zomgangatho ophezulu kunye nexabiso eliphantsi. Ngeenkcukacha, nceda undwendwele:Abavelisi beWelding & Cutting-China Welding & Cutting Factory & Suppliers (xinfatools.com)
1. Iingozi zomsebenzi we-welding yombane
(1) Iingozi zomsi wentsimbi:
Ukubunjwa kwe-welding fume kuyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwentonga ye-welding esetyenzisiweyo. Ngexesha le-welding, ukukhutshwa kwe-arc kuvelisa ubushushu obuphezulu be-4000 ukuya kwi-6000 ° C. Ngelixa unyibilikisa intonga ye-welding kunye ne-weldment, ubuninzi bomsi buveliswa, owenziwe ngokukodwa nge-iron oxide, i-manganese oxide, i-silica, i-silicate, njl njl. emiphungeni.
Ukuphefumla ixesha elide kunokubangela izilonda zemiphunga kwizicubu zemiphunga, ezibizwa ngokuba yiwelder's pneumoconiosis, kwaye zihlala zikhatshwa ziingxaki ezifana netyhefu yemanganese, i-fluorosis kunye nefiva yentsimbi.
Izigulana ikakhulu ziba neempawu zokuphefumla ezinje ngokuxinana kwesifuba, iintlungu zesifuba, ukuphefumla nzima, kunye nokukhohlela, zikhatshwa yintloko ebuhlungu, ubuthathaka jikelele kunye nezinye iimpawu. Umsebenzi we-lung qi nawo wonakaliswe kwinqanaba elithile.
(2) Iingozi zeegesi eziyingozi:
Ngaphantsi kwesenzo sokushisa okuphezulu kunye nemitha ye-ultraviolet enamandla eyenziwa yi-arc welding, inani elikhulu leegesi ezinobungozi, ezifana ne-nitrogen oxides, i-carbon monoxide, i-ozone, njl., iya kuveliswa malunga nommandla we-arc.
Xa isixa esikhulu se<em>hemoglobin sidibanisa ne<em>carbon monoxide, ioksijini ilahlekelwa lithuba lokudibanisa ne<em>hemoglobin, ibangela imiqobo kumandla omzimba wokuthutha nokusebenzisa ioksijini, nto leyo ebangela ukuba izicubu zomntu zife ngenxa yokungabikho kweoksijini.
(3) Iingozi zemitha ye-arc:
Ukukhanya kwe-arc okwenziwa yi-welding ikakhulu kubandakanya imitha ye-infrared, ukukhanya okubonakalayo kunye nemitha ye-ultraviolet. Phakathi kwabo, imitha ye-ultraviolet iwonakalisa umzimba womntu ngokuyintloko ngeziphumo zefotochemical. Iyonakalisa amehlo kunye nolusu oluphandle, ibangela ikeratoconjunctivitis (photoophthalmia) kunye ne-skin biliary erythema.
Iimpawu eziphambili ziquka intlungu yamehlo, ukukrazuka, ukubomvu kwenkophe kunye nokuqaqanjelwa. Emva kokuvezwa kwimisebe ye-ultraviolet, ulusu lunokuvela kwi-erythema edematous kunye nemida ecacileyo. Kwiimeko ezinzima, i-blisters, i-exudate kunye ne-edema inokuvela, kunye nokuvutha okucacileyo.
2. Iziphumo ezinobungozi ze-welding yombane
1. Abantu abaye babandakanyeka kwi-welding yombane ixesha elide banomngcipheko ophezulu wokufumana i-pneumoconiosis.
2. Iigesi ezinobungozi zinokuphefumlelwa ngexesha lokusebenza, zisongela impilo yabantu kunye nobomi.
3. Imisebenzi ye-welding yombane inokubangela lula i-keratoconjunctivitis (i-electrophotophthalmia) kunye ne-skin biliary erythema.
3. Izilumkiso
(1) Ukuphucula iteknoloji ye-welding kunye nokuphucula iinkqubo ze-welding kunye nezixhobo
Ngokuphucula itekhnoloji ye-welding, sinokunciphisa ingozi emzimbeni womntu obangelwa yimisebenzi ye-welding. Ekubeni uninzi lweengozi ezibangelwa ukuwelda zinxulumene nokubunjwa kwe-electrode coating, ukukhetha i-electrodes ye-welding non-toxic okanye ephantsi-netyhefu nayo enye yeendlela ezisebenzayo zokunciphisa iingozi ze-welding.
(2) Ukuphucula iimeko zokungenisa umoya kwindawo yokusebenza
Iindlela zokungenisa umoya zinokwahlulwa zibe kukungena komoya kwendalo kunye nokungenisa umoya ngoomatshini. Ukungena komoya koomatshini kuxhomekeke kuxinzelelo olwenziwa ngabalandeli ukutshintshisa umoya. Inokususa uthuli olungcono kunye nemiphumo ye-detoxification. Ke ngoko, kufuneka isetyenziswe xa i-welding ifakwa ngaphakathi okanye kwiindawo ezivaliweyo ezinomoya omdaka wendalo. Amanyathelo omatshini wokungenisa umoya.
(3) Yomeleza amanyathelo okuzikhusela
Ukomeleza ukhuseleko lomntu kunokuthintela umonakalo weegesi ezinobuthi kunye nothuli oluveliswa ngexesha le-welding. Abanini-zithuthi kufuneka basebenzise iiglasi zokhuseleko ezifanelekileyo, izikhuselo zobuso, iimaski, iiglavu, iimpahla ezimhlophe ezikhuselayo, nezihlangu ezigqunyiweyo. Mabanganxibi iimpahla ezinemikhono emifutshane okanye imikhono esongiweyo. Ukuba basebenza kwisingxobo esivaliweyo esinemeko embi yokungena komoya, kufuneka banxibe iimpahla ezikhuselayo. Isigcina-ntloko esikhuselayo esinentsebenzo yokubonelela ngomoya.
(4) Ukuqinisa ukhuseleko lwabasebenzi umsebenzi wopapasho kunye nemfundo
Abasebenzi be-welding kufuneka bafundiswe ngokhuseleko oluyimfuneko lomsebenzi kunye nolwazi lwezempilo ukuze baphucule ulwazi lwabo lokuzikhusela kunye nokunciphisa iingozi emsebenzini. Kwangaxeshanye, kufuneka siqinise ukubekwa esweni kweengozi zothuli kwiindawo zokusebenza ze-welding kunye nokuhlolwa ngokomzimba kwee-welders ukufumanisa nokusombulula iingxaki ngexesha elifanelekileyo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Dec-19-2023
