Iintsimbi ezingafaniyo zibhekisa kwiintsimbi zezinto ezahlukeneyo (ezifana ne-aluminiyam, ubhedu, njl. njl.) okanye ialloys ezithile ezenziwe ngentsimbi esisiseko efanayo (efana nekhabhoni yentsimbi, intsimbi engatyiwa, njl.njl.) ezinomahluko omkhulu kwiimpawu zetsimbi, ezifana nezomzimba. iipropati, iipropati zeekhemikhali, njl. Zingasetyenziswa njengesiseko sesinyithi, isinyithi sokuzalisa okanye isinyithi se-weld.
I-Welding yezinto ezingafaniyo ibhekisela kwinkqubo yokudibanisa izinto ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu ezahlukeneyo (ngokubhekiselele kwiintlobo zeekhemikhali ezahlukeneyo, izakhiwo ze-metallographic, iipropati, njl. njl.) phantsi kweemeko ezithile zenkqubo. Phakathi kokudityaniswa kweentsimbi ezingafaniyo, eyona ixhaphakileyo kukuwelding kwentsimbi engafaniyo, kulandele ukuwelda kweentsimbi ezingafaniyo nezingezizo i-ferrous kunye nokuwelding kwentsimbi nezimbi ezingenayo i-ferrous.
Ngokwembono yeefom ezidibeneyo, kukho iimeko ezintathu ezisisiseko, ezizezi, izihlanganisi ezinesiseko sentsimbi ezibini ezahlukeneyo, amalungu anesiseko sesinyithi esifanayo kodwa isinyithi esahlukileyo sokuzalisa (ezifana namalungu asebenzisa izixhobo zokuwelda i-austenitic ukuwelda i-medium-carbon quenched and tempered steel, njl.)
Ukuwelda kwezixhobo ezingafaniyo kuxa iintsimbi ezimbini ezahlukeneyo zidityaniswe kunye, umaleko wenguqu oneempawu ezahlukeneyo kunye nolwakhiwo olusuka kwisiseko sesinyithi ngokuqinisekileyo luya kuveliswa. Ngenxa yokuba iintsimbi ezingafaniyo zinomahluko obalulekileyo kwiipropathi zesiseko, iipropathi ezibonakalayo, iipropathi zekhemikhali, njl., xa kuthelekiswa nokuwelda kwesixhobo esifanayo, ukuwelda kwezinto ezingafaniyo kuntsonkothe kakhulu ngokwendlela yokuwelda kunye nobuchwepheshe bokusebenza. .
Izixhobo zokuwelda iXinfa zineempawu zomgangatho ophezulu kunye nexabiso eliphantsi. Ngeenkcukacha, nceda undwendwele:Abavelisi beWelding & Cutting-China Welding & Cutting Factory & Suppliers (xinfatools.com)
Iingxaki eziphambili ezikhoyo kwi-welding yezixhobo ezahlukeneyo zezi zilandelayo:
1. Okukhona umahluko omkhulu kumanqaku okunyibilika kwezinto ezingafaniyo, kokukhona kunzima ukuweld.
Oku kungenxa yokuba xa izinto ezinomlinganiselo ophantsi wokunyibilika zifikelela kwisimo esinyibilikisiweyo, izinto ezinomgangatho ophezulu wokunyibilika zisekwimeko eqinileyo. Ngeli xesha, izinto ezincibilikisiweyo zingena ngokulula kwimida yengqolowa yendawo eshushu kakhulu, ebangela ukulahlekelwa kwezinto eziphantsi zokunyibilika kunye nokutshisa okanye ukukhupha izinto ze-alloy. Yenza iindawo zokuwelda zibe nzima ukuwelda. Ngokomzekelo, xa i-welding iron kunye ne-lead (ezineendawo zokunyibilika ezihluke kakhulu), kungekhona nje ukuba izinto ezimbini zinganyibiliki kwindawo eqinile, kodwa azikwazi ukutshabalalisa enye kwenye kwindawo yolwelo. Intsimbi engamanzi isasazwa ngokwemigangatho kwaye ikhazimle ngokwahlukileyo emva kokupholisa.
2. Okukhona umahluko omkhulu kwii-coefficients zokwandiswa komgca wezinto ezingafaniyo, kokukhona kunzima ukuweld.
Izixhobo ezinee-coefficients ezinkulu zokwandiswa komgca ziya kuba namazinga amakhulu okwanda kwe-thermal kunye nokuncipha okukhulu ngexesha lokupholisa, okuya kuvelisa uxinzelelo olukhulu lwe-welding xa i-pool etyhidiweyo ikhazimula. Olu xinzelelo lwe-welding alukho lula ukuphelisa, okukhokelela kwi-deformation enkulu ye-welding. Ngenxa yeemeko ezahlukeneyo zoxinzelelo lwezixhobo kumacala omabini e-weld, kulula ukubangela iintanda kwi-weld kunye nommandla ochaphazelekayo kubushushu, kwaye kubangele nokuba isinyithi se-weld sixovule isiseko sesinyithi.
3. Okukhona umahluko omkhulu kwi-thermal conductivity kunye nomthamo wobushushu obuthile bezinto ezingafaniyo, kokukhona kunzima ukuwelda.
I-conductivity ye-thermal kunye nomthamo othile wokushisa wezinto eziphathekayo uya kuphazamisa iimeko ze-crystallization yentsimbi ye-weld, i-coarse kakhulu iinkozo, kwaye ichaphazele ukusebenza kokumanzi kwentsimbi ephikisayo. Ngoko ke, umthombo onamandla wokushisa kufuneka usetyenziswe kwi-welding. Ngexesha le-welding, indawo yomthombo wobushushu kufuneka ibe kwicala lesiseko sesinyithi esine-conductivity entle ye-thermal.
4. Okukhona umahluko omkhulu we-electromagnetic phakathi kwezixhobo ezingafaniyo, kokukhona kuba nzima ukuwelda.
Ngenxa yokuba umkhulu umahluko we-electromagnetic phakathi kwezixhobo, kokukhona i-arc ye-welding iya kuzinza kwaye iya kuba mbi ngakumbi i-weld.
5. Okukhona iikhompawundi ze-intermetallic zenziwe phakathi kwezinto ezingafaniyo, kokukhona kunzima ukuwelda.
Ngenxa yokuba iikhompawundi ze-intermetallic zinobunkunkqele ngokwentelekiso, zinokwenza ngokulula iintanda okanye zide zophuke kwi weld.
6. Ngethuba lenkqubo ye-welding yezinto ezingafaniyo, ngenxa yeenguqu kwisakhiwo se-metallographic yendawo yokuthunga okanye izakhiwo ezisanda kwakhiwa, ukusebenza kwamalungu adibeneyo kuyancipha, okuzisa ubunzima obukhulu kwi-welding.
Iimpawu zomatshini wendawo yokudibanisa kunye nendawo echaphazelekayo yokushisa ihlwempu, ngakumbi ukuqina kweplastiki kuncitshiswe kakhulu. Ngenxa yokuncipha kokuqina kweplasitiki yomdibaniso kunye nobukho boxinzelelo lwe-welding, amajoyinti adityanisiweyo ezinto ezingafaniyo athanda ukuqhekeka, ngakumbi kwindawo echaphazeleke bubushushu, ekunokwenzeka ukuba iqhekeke okanye iphuke.
7. Okukhona ukuqina kwe-oxidation yezinto ezingafaniyo, kokukhona kunzima ukuwelda.
Ngokomzekelo, xa ubhedu kunye ne-aluminiyam zidityaniswe ngokudibanisa i-fusion welding, i-copper kunye ne-aluminium oxides zenziwe lula kwi-pool etyhidiweyo. Ngexesha lokupholisa kunye ne-crystallization, i-oxides ekhoyo kwimida yeenkozo inokunciphisa amandla okudibanisa i-intergranular.
8. Xa udibanisa izinto ezingafaniyo, kunzima kwi-welding seam kunye neziseko ezimbini zesinyithi ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zamandla alinganayo.
Oku kungenxa yokuba izinto zentsimbi ezinamaqondo aphantsi okunyibilika kulula ukutshisa kwaye zibe ngumphunga ngexesha le-welding, etshintsha ukubunjwa kweekhemikhali ze-weld kunye nokunciphisa iimpawu zayo zoomatshini, ngakumbi xa ukuwelda iintsimbi ezingafaniyo ezingenayo i-ferrous.
Ixesha lokuposa: Dec-28-2023
