Ngelixa inye kuphela inxalenye yenkqubo enkulu kakhulu, ingcebiso yoqhagamshelwano kuzo zombini i-robotic kunye ne-semiautomatic gas metal arc welding (GMAW) imipu idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuboneleleni ngomgangatho we-weld wesandi. Isenokubangela umlinganiselo kwimveliso kunye nenzuzo yokusebenza kwakho kwe-welding- ixesha lokunciphisa utshintsho olugqithisileyo lunokuba yingozi kwimveliso kunye neendleko zabasebenzi kunye ne-inventory.
Imisebenzi emikhulu yencam yoqhagamshelwano kukukhokela intambo ye-welding kunye nokudlulisa i-welding current kwi-wire njengoko idlula kwi-bore. Injongo kukuba i-wire feed ngokusebenzisa incam yoqhagamshelwano kakuhle, ngelixa ugcina uqhagamshelwano oluphezulu. Ukufumana ezona ziphumo zintle, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa ubungakanani bencam yoqhagamshelwano echanekileyo-okanye idiameter yangaphakathi (ID) - kwisicelo. Ucingo lwe-welding kunye nenkqubo ye-welding zombini zichaphazela ukhetho (Umfanekiso 1).
Impembelelo yocingo lwe-Welding kuBukhulu beNgcebiso yeNgcaciso
Iimpawu ezintathu zocingo lwe-welding zichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukhetho lwengcebiso yoqhagamshelwano kwisicelo esithile:
▪ Uhlobo locingo
▪ Isamente yocingo
▪ Umgangatho wocingo
Uhlobo-Abavelisi beengcebiso zoqhagamshelwano bakholisa ukucebisa amacebiso aqhelekileyo- (okwendalo) obungakanani beengcingo ezihambelanayo, njenge xxx-xx-45 ithiphu yoqhagamshelwano ye-0.045-intshi yocingo. Kwezinye iimeko, nangona kunjalo, kunokukhethwa ukuba ngaphantsi okanye ukugqithisa i-tip yoqhagamshelwano ukuya kwidamitha yocingo.
Ukunyamezela okusemgangathweni kweengcingo ze-welding kuyahluka ngokohlobo. Ngokomzekelo, i-American Welding Society (AWS) ikhowudi ye-5.18 ivumela ± 0.001-in. ukunyamezela kwi-0.045-in. iingcingo eziqinileyo, kunye ± 0.002-in. ukunyamezela kwi-0.045-in. iingcingo ze-tubular. Iingcingo zeTubular kunye ne-aluminiyam, ezithambileyo, zisebenza kakuhle ngeengcebiso ezisemgangathweni okanye ezigqithisiweyo zoqhagamshelwano ezivumela ukuba zondle ngokuncinci kwamandla okutya kwaye ngaphandle kokugquma okanye ukukhahlela ngaphakathi kwi-feeder okanye i-welding gun.
Iingcingo eziqinileyo, ngokuchaseneyo, zingqongqo kakhulu, oku kuthetha ukuba iingxaki ezincinci zokutya, ezivumela ukuba zidibaniswe neengcebiso zoqhagamshelwano ezingaphantsi.
Cast-Isizathu sokugqithisa kunye nokunciphisa i-tip yoqhagamshelwano ayihambelani kuphela nohlobo locingo, kodwa kunye nokuphosa kunye ne-helix. Isamente ibhekisa kububanzi beluphu yocingo xa ubude bocingo bukhutshiwe kwipakethe kwaye bubekwe kwindawo ethe tyaba—okubalulekileyo, ukugoba kocingo. Umda oqhelekileyo we-cast yi-40 ukuya kwi-45 in. ukuba isamente yocingo incinci kunolu, musa ukusebenzisa ingcebiso yoqhagamshelwano enganeno.
I-helix ibhekisela kwindlela ucingo oluphakama ngayo ukusuka kuloo ndawo ethe tyaba, kwaye akufanele ibe mkhulu kuno-1 kuyo nayiphi na indawo.
I-AWS imisela iimfuno ze-wire cast kunye ne-helix njengolawulo lomgangatho wokuqinisekisa ukuba ukutya okukhoyo kocingo ngendlela ehambelana nokusebenza kakuhle kwe-welding.
Indlela eqikelelweyo yokufumana inani elikhulu le-wire cast ubukhulu bepakethe. Iingcingo ezipakishwe kwiipakethe zesambuku, ezinje ngegubu okanye ireel, zinokugcina isamente enkulu okanye icontour ethe ngqo kunocingo olupakishwe kwi-spool okanye ikhoyili.
"Ucingo oluthe tye" yindawo eqhelekileyo yokuthengisa iingcingo ezipakishwe ngobuninzi, kuba kulula ukondla ucingo oluthe tye kunocingo olugobileyo. Abanye abavelisi baphinde bajije ucingo ngelixa belupakisha kwigubu, olukhokelela ekubeni ucingo lwenze i-sine wave endaweni ye-loop xa ikhutshwa ngaphandle kwephakheji. Ezi ngcingo zinesamente enkulu kakhulu (i-100 ngaphakathi okanye ngaphezulu) kwaye zinokudityaniswa neengcebiso zoqhagamshelwano ezincinci.
I-wire esondliwe kwi-spool encinci, nangona kunjalo, ithande ukuba ne-cast echazwe ngakumbi-malunga ne-30-in. okanye idiameter encinci-kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo ifuna umgangatho okanye ubungakanani obukhulu bencam yoqhagamshelwano ukunika iimpawu zokutyisa ezifanelekileyo.
Umfanekiso woku-1
Ukufumana ezona ziphumo zintle zokuwelda, kubalulekile ukuba nencam yoqhagamshelwano echanekileyo kwisicelo. Ucingo lwe-welding kunye nenkqubo ye-welding zombini zichaphazela ukhetho.
Umgangatho—Umgangatho wocingo ukwachaphazela ukhetho lwengcebiso yoqhagamshelwano. Ukuphuculwa komgangatho wolawulo lwenze i-diameter yangaphandle (OD) yeengcingo ze-welding ichaneke ngakumbi kunakwiminyaka edlulileyo, ngoko zondla kakuhle. Umgangatho ophezulu wocingo oluqinileyo, umzekelo, unikezela ububanzi obuhambelanayo kunye nokuphoswa, kunye nengubo yobhedu efanayo phezu komhlaba; olu cingo lunokusetyenziswa ngokubambisana nesicatshulwa soqhagamshelwano esine-ID encinci, kuba kukho inkxalabo encinci malunga ne-wire buckling okanye i-kinking. I-high-quality tubular wire inikezela ngeenzuzo ezifanayo, kunye ne-seams egudileyo, ekhuselekileyo ekhusela ucingo ukuba luvuleke ngexesha lokutya.
Ucingo olukumgangatho ophantsi olungaveliswanga ngokwemigangatho engqongqo lunokuba sengozini yokungenwa kakubi ngocingo kunye ne-arc engalunganga. Iingcebiso ezingaphantsi koqhagamshelwano azikhuthazwa ukuba zisetyenziswe kunye neengcingo ezineenguqu ezibanzi ze-OD.
Njengesithintelo, nanini na utshintshela kuhlobo olwahlukileyo okanye uphawu locingo, kubalulekile ukuphinda uphonononge ubungakanani bengcebiso yoqhagamshelwano ukuze uqiniseke ukuba ufikelela kwiziphumo ezifunwayo.
Impembelelo yeNkqubo yeWelding
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje utshintsho kumashishini okwenziwa kunye nokuvelisa kuye kwaqhuba utshintsho kwinkqubo ye-welding, kunye nobukhulu besicatshulwa soqhagamshelwano esiza kusetyenziswa. Ngokomzekelo, kwishishini leemoto apho ii-OEMs zisebenzisa izinto ezincinci (kwaye zinamandla) ukunceda ukunciphisa ubunzima besithuthi kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwamafutha, abavelisi bahlala besebenzisa imithombo yamandla eneenguqu eziphambili, ezifana ne-pulsed okanye i-modified short-circuit. La maza amaza aphucukileyo anceda ukunciphisa ispatter kunye nokwandisa isantya se-welding. Olu hlobo lwe-welding, olusetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwi-robotic welding applications, alunyamezeli kangako ukutenxa kwinkqubo kwaye lufuna iingcebiso zoqhagamshelwano ezinokuhambisa ngokuchanekileyo nangokuthembekileyo i-waveform kwi-welding wire.
Kwinkqubo ye-pulse welding eqhelekileyo usebenzisa i-0.045-in. ucingo oluqinileyo, incopho yangoku inokuba nkulu kune 550 amps, kwaye isantya sangoku sokuhamba singangaphezulu kwe 1 ´ 106 amp/sec. Ngenxa yoko, i-interface ye-tip-to-wire interface isebenza njengokutshintsha kwi-pulse frequency, eyi-150 ukuya kwi-200 Hz.
Ubomi bengcebiso yoqhagamshelwano kwi-pulse welding ngokuqhelekileyo liqhezu lalo kwi-GMAW, okanye i-conformant-voltage (CV) welding. Ukukhetha incam yoqhagamshelwano ene-ID encinci kancinane yocingo olusetyenziswayo kuyacetyiswa ukuqinisekisa ukuba incam/i-interface yokuxhathisa i-interface iphantsi ngokwaneleyo ukuba i-arcing engqongqo ingenzeki. Ngokomzekelo, i-0.045-in.-diameter yocingo oluqinileyo luya kuhambelana kakuhle kunye nesicatshulwa soqhagamshelwano kunye ne-ID ye-0.049 ukuya kwi-0.050 kwi.
Ukusetyenziswa kwe-welding ye-Manual okanye ye-semiautomatic ifuna ingqwalasela eyahlukileyo xa kuziwa ekukhetheni ubungakanani bencam yoqhagamshelwano echanekileyo. Imipu ye-welding ye-Semiautomatic ihlala inde kwaye ineekhonto ezintsonkothileyo kunemipu yerobhothi. Ngokuqhelekileyo kukho ukugoba okukhulu entanyeni, evumela ukuba umqhubi we-welding afikelele ngokukhululekileyo kwi-weld joint. Intamo ene-engile enkulu yokugoba yenza i-cast cast eqinile kucingo njengoko isondliwa. Ke ngoko, luluvo olulungileyo ukukhetha incam yoqhakamshelwano ene-ID enkulu kancinane ukuze wenze ukondla ngocingo olugudileyo. Ngenene olu luhlelo lwemveli lobungakanani beengcebiso zoqhagamshelwano. Uninzi lwabavelisi bemipu yokuwelda bamisela ubungakanani bencam yonxibelelwano ngokwesicelo semiautomatic. Ngokomzekelo, i-0.045-in. Idayamitha yocingo oluqinileyo luya kuhambelana nencam yoqhagamshelwano kunye ne-ID ye-0.052 ukuya ku-0.055 ngaphakathi.
Iziphumo zoQhagamshelwano olungachanekanga ubungakanani
Ubungakanani bencam yoqhagamshelwano engalunganga, nokuba inkulu kakhulu okanye incinci kakhulu kuhlobo, isamente, kunye nomgangatho wocingo olusetyenziswayo, kunokubangela ukondla ucingo olugwenxa okanye ukusebenza kakubi kwe-arc. Ngokukodwa, iingcebiso zoqhagamshelwano kunye nee-ID ezincinci kakhulu zinokubangela ukuba ucingo lufake ngaphakathi kwibhore, ekhokelela ekutshiseni (Umfanekiso 2). Kwakhona kunokubangela ukufuya iintaka, okukuthandelana kocingo kwiidrive rolls ze-wire feeder.
Umfanekiso wesi-2
I-Burnback (i-wire jammed) yenye yeendlela eziqhelekileyo zokungaphumeleli kwiingcebiso zoqhagamshelwano. Ichatshazelwa kakhulu sisidayamitha sangaphakathi sencam yoqhagamshelwano (ID).
Ngokuchaseneyo, iingcebiso zoqhagamshelwano ezine-ID enkulu kakhulu kwidayamitha yocingo zinokuvumela ucingo ukuba lubhadule njengoko lutyhutyha. Oku kubhadula kukhokelela ekuzinzeni kwe-arc embi, i-spatter enzima, ukudibanisa okungaphelelanga, kunye nokungahambi kakuhle kwe-weld kwi-joint. Ezi zehlo zibaluleke kakhulu kwi-aggressive pulse welding; umngxuma wesitshixo (Umzobo 3) ireyithi (ireyithi yokunxiba) ye-tip yoqhagamshelwano engaphezulu inokuphinda iphindwe kabini ye-tip yoqhagamshelwano engaphantsi.
Ezinye Iingqwalasela
Kubalulekile ukuqonda ngokupheleleyo inkqubo ye-welding phambi kokuba ukhethe ubungakanani bengcebiso yoqhagamshelwano lomsebenzi. Gcina ukhumbule ukuba umsebenzi wesithathu wesicatshulwa soqhagamshelwano kukuba usebenze njenge-fuse ye-welding system. Naziphi na iingxaki kwi-powertrain ye-welding loop zi (kwaye kufuneka ziboniswe) njengokusilela kwengcebiso yoqhagamshelwano kuqala. Ukuba inqaku loqhagamshelwano liyasilela ngokwahlukileyo okanye kwangaphambi kwexesha kwiseli enye xa kuthelekiswa nesinye isityalo, loo seli inokufuna ukulungiswa kakuhle.
Ikwangumbono olungileyo ukuvavanya ukunyamezela komsebenzi wakho kumngcipheko; oko kukuthi, yimalini xa ingcebiso yoqhagamshelwano ingaphumeleli. Kwisicelo se-semiautomatic, umzekelo, kunokwenzeka ukuba umqhubi we-welding unokuchonga ngokukhawuleza naziphi na iingxaki kwaye athathe indawo yoqhagamshelwano olungaphumeleliyo ngokoqoqosho. Nangona kunjalo, iindleko zokungaphumeleli kwengcebiso engalindelekanga kwi-robotic welding operation iphezulu kakhulu kunoko kwi-welding manual. Kule meko, udinga iingcebiso zoqhagamshelwano ezisebenza ngokuthembekileyo kwixesha eliphakathi kweenguqu zoqhagamshelwano ezicwangcisiweyo, umzekelo, utshintsho olunye. Ngokuqhelekileyo kuyinyani ukuba kwimisebenzi emininzi ye-robotic welding, ukuhambelana komgangatho obonelelwe ngengcebiso yoqhagamshelwano kubaluleke kakhulu kunokuba ixesha elide lihlala.
Gcina ukhumbule ukuba le yimithetho jikelele kuphela yokukhetha ubungakanani bengcebiso yoqhagamshelwano. Ukumisela ubungakanani obuchanekileyo, kubalulekile ukuhlola iingcebiso ezingaphumelelanga kwisityalo. Ukuba uninzi lwamacebiso oqhagamshelwano aluphumelelanga luxinene ngocingo ngaphakathi, i-ID yencam yoqhagamshelwano incinci kakhulu.
Ukuba uninzi lweengcebiso zoqhagamshelwano ezisileleyo azinangcingo, kodwa i-arc erhabaxa kunye nomgangatho we-weld osezantsi ubonwe, kunokuba luncedo ukukhetha iingcebiso ezingaphantsi konxibelelwano.
Umfanekiso wesi-3
Umngxuma wesitshixo ogqithisileyo ungomnye weendlela zokungaphumeleli eziqhelekileyo zeengcebiso zoqhagamshelwano. Nayo ichatshazelwa kakhulu sisidayamitha sangaphakathi sencam yoqhagamshelwano (ID).
Ixesha lokuposa: Jan-02-2023
