Kwimveliso yemizi-mveliso, ezinye izixhobo zokusebenza ngokuqhubekayo ziyavuza ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukeneyo. Enjengemibhobho, iivalvu, izikhongozeli, njl. njl. Ukuveliswa koku kuvuza kuchaphazela uzinzo lwemveliso eqhelekileyo kunye nomgangatho weemveliso, kwaye kungcolisa imekobume yemveliso, kubangele inkunkuma engeyomfuneko. Ngaphezu koko, emva kokuvuza kwemithombo yeendaba efana negesi eyityhefu kunye negrisi, kuya kubangela umonakalo omkhulu kwimveliso ekhuselekileyo kunye nokusingqongileyo.
Umzekelo, uqhushumbo lombhobho weoyile we-Qingdao Huangdao ngoNovemba 22, 2013 kunye neTianjin Binhai New Area uqhushumbo lwempahla eyingozi ngo-Agasti 2, 2015 kubangele ilahleko enkulu yobomi kunye nepropathi kwilizwe nakubantu. Unobangela wezi ngozi zonke zibangelwa kukuvuza okuphakathi.
Ke ngoko, ukuvuza kwezinye iimveliso zemizi-mveliso akunakuhoywa kwaye kufuneka kujongwane nako kwangethuba. Nangona kunjalo, ikwayingxaki yobuchwephesha indlela yokulungisa ukuvuza kwezixhobo eziphantsi koxinzelelo kwaye ziqulethe izinto ezinokutsha neziqhumayo okanye imidiya eyityhefu yekhemikhali.
Ukufakwa kwezixhobo ezinoxinzelelo, ioli okanye izinto ezinobuthi yi-welding ekhethekileyo phantsi kweemeko zokusebenza ezingaqhelekanga. Ihluke kwizinto eziqhelekileyo ze-welding kwaye igxininisa ukhuseleko ngexesha lokusebenza. Amanyathelo okwakha okhuseleko okuthintela iingozi kufuneka aqulunqwe ngaphambi kokuba kufakwe i-welding ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lomntu kwindawo yokusebenzela, i-welders kunye nabanye abasebenzi. Abawelder kufuneka babe namava kunye nezakhono. Kwangaxeshanye, kufuneka kubekho iinjineli ze-welding ezinamava obugcisa atyebileyo ukubonelela ngesikhokelo sobugcisa kwimisebenzi eyahlukeneyo ekhuselekileyo.
Ngokomzekelo, kuhlobo oluthile lwetanki yamafutha, kuyimfuneko ukwazi umthamo, indawo yokutshisa, uxinzelelo, njl njl. phambi kokwakhiwa nokusebenza.
Ke ngoko, ngaphambi nangexesha lokwakhiwa kwe-welding, oku kulandelayo kufuneka kwenziwe:
Okokuqala, ukukhululeka koxinzelelo olukhuselekileyo. Phambi kwewelding ukuplaga ukuvuza, kufuneka kumiselwe ukuba uxinzelelo lwesixhobo esidityanisiweyo luyakwenza ukwenzakala komntu. Okanye phantsi kwempembelelo yomthombo wokushisa we-welding, isixhobo sinomzila okhuselekileyo wokunciphisa uxinzelelo (njenge-valve yokhuseleko efakwe), njl.
Okwesibini, ulawulo lobushushu. Ngaphambi kwe-welding, onke amanyathelo okupholisa okuthintela umlilo kunye nokukhusela ukuqhuma kufuneka kwenziwe. Ngexesha le-welding, i-welders kufuneka ilandele ngokuthe ngqo ubuncinci kunye nobuncinci bobushushu obuchazwe kumaxwebhu enkqubo, kwaye amanyathelo okupholisa ukhuseleko kufuneka aphunyezwe ngelixa i-welding ikhusela umlilo okanye ukuqhuma.
Okwesithathu, ukulwa netyhefu. Xa ukutywinwa kunye nezikhongozeli ze-welding okanye imibhobho equlethe izinto ezinobuthi, ukungena komoya ngexesha elifanelekileyo kweegesi ezinobuthi ezivuzayo kunye nokunikezelwa komoya omtsha ngexesha elifanelekileyo kufuneka kwenziwe. Ngexesha elifanayo, kuyimfuneko ukwenza umsebenzi omhle kwindawo yokungcola yodwa yokuphuma kwezinto ezinobuthi.
Oku kulandelayo ziindlela zokuplaga zokuwelda ezidla ngokusetyenziswa kubunjineli bobunjineli ukuze wonke umntu afunde kwaye aphucule.
1 indlela ye-Hammer twist welding
Le ndlela isetyenziswa kwindlela yokudibanisa iintanda okanye i-blisters kunye nama-pores emikhumbi yoxinzelelo oluphantsi kunye nemibhobho. Sebenzisa i-electrode encinci ye-diameter ye-welding kangangoko kunokwenzeka, kwaye i-welding current kufuneka ilandele ngokungqongqo iimfuno zenkqubo. Umsebenzi wamkela indlela ye-welding ekhawulezayo, kwaye ubushushu be-arc busetyenziselwa ukufudumeza i-periphery yokuvuza. Weld edge ukubethelela i-weld.
2. Indlela ye-welding ye-riveting
Xa ezinye iintanda zibanzi okanye ububanzi betrakoma okanye umngxuma womoya mkhulu, kuba nzima ukusebenzisa isando sokujija. Unokuqala usebenzise ucingo lwentsimbi olufanelekileyo okanye intonga ye-welding ukuba i-rivet i-crack okanye umngxuma ukunciphisa uxinzelelo kunye nokuhamba kokuvuza, kwaye usebenzise i-current encinci ngokukhawuleza i-Welding yenziwa. Inqaku eliphambili lale ndlela kukuba icandelo elinye kuphela linokuvalwa ngexesha, kwaye emva koko i-welding ekhawulezayo, icandelo elinye livaliwe kwaye elinye icandelo lifakwe. Njengoko kubonisiwe kuMfanekiso 1
3. Indlela ye-welding ehamba phambili
Okunye ukuvuza kwenziwa kukudleka nokuguga nokubhitya. Ngeli xesha, musa ukutshisa ngokuthe ngqo ukuvuza, ngaphandle koko kulula ukubangela i-welding eninzi kunye nokuvuza okukhulu. I-spot welding kufuneka yenziwe kwindawo efanelekileyo ecaleni okanye ngaphantsi kokuvuza. Ukuba akukho kuvuza kwezi ndawo, kufanele kumiswe ichibi elinyibilikisiweyo kuqala, kuze ke, njengenkonjane ebambe udaka yaye yakha indlwane, ifanele idityaniswe kancinane kwindawo evuzayo, icuthe ngokuthe ngcembe ubungakanani bokuvuza. indawo, kwaye ekugqibeleni usebenzise i-electrode encinci ye-diameter ene-welding yangoku efanelekileyo ukutywina ukuvuza, njengoko kubonisiwe kuMfanekiso 2.
4. Indlela ye-welding ye-diversion
Kufanelekile ukudibanisa xa indawo yokuvuza inkulu, isantya sokuhamba sikhulu okanye uxinzelelo luphezulu, njengoko kuboniswe kuMzobo 3. Ngokwemilo yokuvuza, yenza iplate eyongezelelweyo kunye nesixhobo sokuvala. Xa ukuvuza kunzulu, icandelo lombhobho wokuguqula lisetyenziselwa isixhobo sokuvala, kwaye i-valve ifakwe kuyo; xa ukuvuza kuncinci, i-nut ifakwe ngaphambili kwi-plate yokulungisa. Indawo yepatch plate kufuneka ibe nkulu kunokuvuza. Indawo esime kuyo isixhobo sokunqanda kwipetshi kufuneka ijonge kwindawo evuzayo. Isangqa se-sealant sisetyenziswa kwicala lepetshi edibana nokuvuza ukuvumela indawo evuzayo ukuba iphume kumbhobho wesikhokelo. Ukunciphisa ukuvuza malunga nepetshi. Emva kokuba ipleyiti yokulungisa i-welded, vala i-valve okanye uqinise iibholithi.
5. Indlela yokudibanisa imikhono
Xa umbhobho uvuza kwindawo enkulu ngenxa yokubola okanye ukuguga, sebenzisa isiqwenga sombhobho onobubanzi obufanayo okanye ngokwaneleyo ukuba ubambe ububanzi bokuvuza njengomkhono, kwaye ubude buxhomekeke kwindawo yokuvuza. Sika umkhono wetyhubhu ngokulinganayo ube ziziqingatha ezibini, kwaye weld ityhubhu yokuguqula. Indlela ye-welding ethile iyafana ne-diversion welding method. Kulandelelwano lwe-welding, i-ring seam yombhobho kunye nomkhono kufuneka udibanise kuqala, kwaye i-weld ye-sleeve kufuneka ifakwe ekugqibeleni, njengoko kuboniswe kuMfanekiso 4.
6. Ukuwelda kwesikhongozeli sokuvuza kweoyile
I-welding eqhubekayo ayinakusetyenziswa. Ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukushisa kwe-weld akukwazi ukuphakama kakhulu, i-spot welding isetyenzisiweyo kwaye iqondo lokushisa liyancipha ngexesha elifanayo. Ngokomzekelo, emva kokuba udibanise amabala amanqaku ambalwa, ngokukhawuleza upholise amakhonkco e-solder nge-cotton gauze efakwe emanzini.
Ngamanye amaxesha, kuyimfuneko ukusebenzisa ngokubanzi iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokuplaga ezingentla, kwaye i-welding plugging kufuneka ibe bhetyebhetye ukwenzela ukuba kuqinisekiswe impumelelo ye-welding plugging.
Nangona kunjalo, ayizizo zonke izinto zetsimbi ezifanelekileyo kwindlela yokufaka i-welding. Kuphela intsimbi ephantsi yekhabhoni ephantsi kunye nentsimbi ephantsi ye-alloy inokusebenzisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokuplaga ezingentla.
I-Austenitic insimbi engenasici kufuneka ilungiswe nge-welding xa kuchongwa ukuba isiseko sesinyithi esikufuphi nokuvuza sinokuvelisa i-deformation enkulu yeplastiki, ngaphandle koko ayinakulungiswa nge-welding.
I-medium kumbhobho wentsimbi ekwazi ukumelana nobushushu ngokuqhelekileyo iqondo lokushisa eliphezulu kunye ne-high-pressure steam. Ukuvuza okwenzeka emva kwenkonzo yexesha elide ayikwazi ukulungiswa phantsi koxinzelelo. Intsimbi ephantsi yobushushu ayivumelekanga ukuba ilungiswe nge-hot-press welding.
Ezi ndlela zingasentla ezahlukeneyo ze-welding plugging ziyimilinganiselo yethutyana, kwaye ayinayo i-mechanical properties yesinyithi enokuthi iphunyezwe nge-welding ngengqiqo engqongqo. Xa izixhobo ziphantsi kwemeko yoxinzelelo kwaye akukho medium, i-pluging yesikhashana kunye ne-welding state kufuneka isuswe ngokupheleleyo, kwaye iphinde i-welded okanye ilungiswe ngezinye iindlela zokuhlangabezana neemfuno zokusetyenziswa kwemveliso.
isishwankathelo
Itekhnoloji ye-Welding plugging yitekhnoloji engxamisekileyo efunekayo kwinkqubo yokuvelisa ngokuqhubekayo kunye nophuhliso lwemveliso yanamhlanje. Kuthatha ixesha elithile ukujongana neengozi zokuvuza, kwaye ukuvuza kufuneka kubuyiselwe ngokupheleleyo emva koko. Ukusetyenziswa kwetekhnoloji evuzayo yokuplaga kufuneka ibe bhetyebhetye. Ukujongana nokuvuza, iindlela ezininzi zingasetyenziselwa ukuwelda ngokudibeneyo. Injongo kukuthintela ukuvuza emva kwe-welding.
Ixesha lokuposa: Mar-22-2023
