I-Porosity, i-cavity-type discontinuities eyenziwa yi-gas entrapment ngexesha lokuqina, yinto eqhelekileyo kodwa inzima kwi-MIG welding kunye nenye enezizathu ezininzi. Inokuvela kwi-semi-automatic okanye kwi-robotic applications kwaye ifuna ukususwa kunye nokusebenza kwakhona kwiimeko zombini - okukhokelela ekunciphiseni ixesha kunye neendleko ezongeziweyo.
Oyena nobangela mkhulu we-porosity kwi-welding yentsimbi yi-nitrogen (N2), ebandakanyeka kwi-welding pool. Xa i-pool ye-liquid iphola, ukunyibilika kwe-N2 kuncipha kakhulu kwaye i-N2 iphuma kwintsimbi etyhidiweyo, isenza amaqamza (iipores). Kwi-galvanized/galvanneal welding, i-zinc engumphunga inokuvuthululwa kwi-welding pool, kwaye ukuba akukho xesha laneleyo lokubaleka phambi kokuba idama lomelele, yenza i-porosity. Ukudibanisa i-aluminium, yonke i-porosity ibangelwa yi-hydrogen (H2), ngendlela efanayo njengoko i-N2 isebenza ngentsimbi.
I-welding porosity inokuvela ngaphandle okanye ngaphakathi (idla ngokubizwa ngokuba yi-sub-surface porosity). Inokuphinda iphuhlise kwindawo enye kwi-weld okanye kunye nobude bonke, okubangela i-welds ebuthakathaka.
Ukwazi indlela yokuchonga ezinye izizathu eziphambili ze-porosity kunye nendlela yokuzisombulula ngokukhawuleza kunokuncedisa ukuphucula umgangatho, imveliso kunye nomgca ophantsi.
UkuKhuselwa kakubi kweGesi yoMbane
Ukungakhuseleki kakuhle kwerhasi ngoyena nobangela uxhaphakileyo we-welding porosity, njengoko ivumela iirhasi ze-atmospheric (N2 kunye ne-H2) ukuba zingcolise i-weld pool. Ukunqongophala kokhuselo olufanelekileyo kunokwenzeka ngenxa yezizathu ezininzi, kubandakanywa kodwa kungaphelelanga ekukhuselweni okungahambi kakuhle kwerhasi, ukuvuza kumjelo werhasi, okanye ukuhamba komoya okuninzi kwiseli ye-weld. Izantya zokuhamba ezikhawulezayo zinokuba ngunobangela.
Ukuba umsebenzi ukrokrela ukuhamba kakubi okubangela ingxaki, zama ukulungelelanisa imitha yokuhamba kwegesi ukuqinisekisa ukuba isantya sanele. Xa usebenzisa imodi yokudlulisa isitshizi, umzekelo, ukuhamba kwe-35 ukuya kwi-50 cubic ngeyure (cfh) kufuneka kukwanele. I-Welding kwi-ampeges ephezulu ifuna ukunyuka kwesantya sokuhamba, kodwa kubalulekile ukuba ungawubeki umlinganiselo ophezulu kakhulu. Oku kunokukhokelela kwisiphithiphithi kuyilo lwemipu oluphazamisa ukugquma kwerhasi.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba imipu eyilwe ngokwahlukileyo ineempawu ezahlukeneyo zokuhamba kwegesi (jonga imizekelo emibini engezantsi). "Indawo emnandi" yesantya sokuhamba kwegesi kuyilo oluphezulu lukhulu kakhulu kunoyilo olusezantsi. Le yinto ekufuneka iqwalaselwe yinjineli yewelding xa icwangcisa i-weld cell.
Uyilo loku-1 lubonisa ukuhamba kwerhasi egudileyo kwindawo yokukhupha umlomo
Uyilo lwesi-2 lubonisa ukuhamba kwerhasi eziphithizelayo kwindawo yokukhupha umlomo.
Khangela kwakhona umonakalo kwi-hose yegesi, izixhobo kunye nezixhumi, kunye ne-O-rings kwi-pin yamandla ye-MIG welding gun. Faka enye indawo njengoko kuyimfuneko.
Xa usebenzisa abalandeli ukupholisa abaqhubi okanye iinxalenye kwi-weld cell, qaphela ukuba azikhonjiswa ngokuthe ngqo kwindawo ye-welding apho banokuphazamisa ukugubungela igesi. Beka isikrini kwi-weld cell ukukhusela ukuphuma komoya wangaphandle.
Chukumisa kwakhona inkqubo kwizicelo zerobhothi ukuze uqiniseke ukuba kukho umgama ofanelekileyo wokuya emsebenzini, oqhele ukuba yi-½ ukuya kwi-intshi ye-3/4, ngokuxhomekeke kubude obufunekayo be-arc.
Okokugqibela, isantya esicothayo sokuhamba ukuba i-porosity iyaqhubeka okanye qhagamshelana nomboneleli wemipu we-MIG kumacandelo ahlukeneyo esiphelo esinegasi engcono.
Ungcoliseko lweNsimbi olusisiseko
Ukungcoliswa kwesiseko sesinyithi sesinye isizathu se-porosity eyenzekayo - ukusuka kwioli kunye negrisi ukuya kwisikali sokugaya kunye nomhlwa. Ubumanzi bunokukhuthaza oku kuyeka, ngakumbi kwi-aluminium welding. Ezi ntlobo zokungcola zikhokelela kwi-porosity yangaphandle ebonakalayo kumqhubi. Intsimbi yegalvanized ithandeka ngakumbi kwi-porosity engaphantsi komhlaba.
Ukulwa ne-porosity yangaphandle, qiniseka ukuba uhlambulule ngokucokisekileyo izinto ezisisiseko phambi kwe-welding kwaye ucinge ukusebenzisa ucingo lwe-welding yentsimbi. Olu hlobo locingo lunamanqanaba aphezulu e-deoxidizers kunocingo oluqinileyo, ngoko ke lunyamezela ngakumbi nakuphi na ukungcola okuseleyo kwizinto ezisisiseko. Hlala ugcina ezi kunye nazo naziphi ezinye iingcingo kwindawo eyomileyo, ecocekileyo yobushushu obufanayo okanye obuphezulu kancinane kunesityalo. Ukwenza oku kuya kunceda ukunciphisa i-condensation enokuthi ingenise ukufuma kwi-weld pool kwaye ibangele i-porosity. Musa ukugcina iingcingo kwindawo yokugcina impahla ebandayo okanye ngaphandle.
I-Porosity, i-cavity-type discontinuities eyenziwa yi-gas entrapment ngexesha lokuqina, yinto eqhelekileyo kodwa inzima kwi-MIG welding kunye nenye enezizathu ezininzi.
Xa welding steel galvanized, i-zinc ingumphunga kwiqondo lobushushu elisezantsi kunentsimbi enyibilikayo, kwaye isantya sokuhamba ngokukhawuleza sikholisa ukwenza i-weld pool ibe ngumkhenkce ngokukhawuleza. Oku kunokubamba umphunga we-zinc kwintsimbi, okukhokelela kwi-porosity. Yilwa le meko ngokubeka iliso kwizantya zokuhamba. Kwakhona, qwalasela eyilwe ngokukodwa (ifomula ye-flux) yocingo olune-metal-cored olukhuthaza ukuphuma komphunga we-zinc kwi-welding pool.
Imilomo evalekileyo kunye/okanye eNgaphantsi
Imilomo evalekileyo kunye/okanye engaphantsi kobungakanani nayo inokubangela ukubola. I-welding spatter inokwakheka kumlomo nakumphezulu wencam yoqhagamshelo kunye ne-diffuser ekhokelela ekuthinteleni ukuhamba kwegesi ekhuselayo okanye ukuyibangela ukuba ibe nesiphithiphithi. Zombini iimeko zishiya i-weld pool kunye nokhuseleko olunganeleyo.
Ukudibanisa le meko ngumlomo omncinci kakhulu ukuba ungasetyenziswa kwaye uthandeka ngakumbi kwaye ukhawuleza ukwakhiwa kwesitshizi. Imilomo emincinci inokubonelela ngokufikelela ngokudibeneyo, kodwa iphinde ithintele ukuhamba kwegesi ngenxa yendawo encinci ye-cross-sectional evunyelwe ukuhamba kwegesi. Ngalo lonke ixesha khumbula ukuguquguquka kwencam yoqhakamshelwano ukuya kwisincamathelisi somlomo (okanye uphumlo), njengoko oku kunokuba yenye into echaphazela ukhuseleko lokuhamba kwerhasi kunye nokuqaqamba ngokukhetha kwakho umlomo.
Unaloo nto engqondweni, qiniseka ukuba umlomo wombhobho mkhulu ngokwaneleyo kwisicelo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, izicelo ezine-welding ephezulu yangoku zisebenzisa iisayizi ezinkulu zocingo zifuna umbhobho onamasayizi amakhulu.
Kwizicelo ze-welding semi-automatic, khangela ngezikhathi ezithile i-welding spatter kwi-nozzle kwaye uyisuse usebenzisa i-pliers ye-welder (welpers) okanye utshintshe umbhobho ukuba kuyimfuneko. Ngethuba lolu hlolo, qinisekisa ukuba i-tip yoqhagamshelwano ikwimo elungileyo kwaye i-gas diffuser inezibuko zegesi ezicacileyo. Abasebenzisi banokusebenzisa ikhompawundi echasene ne-spatter, kodwa kufuneka balumke bangawuthi nkxu umbhobho kwikhompawundi ukude kakhulu okanye ixesha elide, kuba izixa ezigqithisileyo zekhompawundi zinokungcolisa irhasi ekhuselayo kwaye bonakalise ukugquma kombhobho.
Kwi-robotic welding operation, tyala imali kwisikhululo sokucoca umlomo okanye i-reamer ukulwa ne-spatter buildup. Le peripheral icoca umlomo kunye ne-diffuser ngexesha lokunqumama kwesiqhelo kwimveliso ukuze ingachaphazeli ixesha lomjikelo. Izikhululo zokucoca i-Nozzle zenzelwe ukusebenza ngokubambisana ne-anti-spatter sprayer, efaka isambatho esincinci se-compound kumacandelo angaphambili. Ulwelo oluninzi okanye oluncinci kakhulu lwe-anti-spatter lunokubangela i-porosity eyongezelelweyo. Ukongeza kwi-air blast kwinkqubo yokucoca i-nozzle kunokunceda ekucoceni i-spatter ekhululekile kwizinto ezisetyenziswayo.
Ukugcina umgangatho kunye nemveliso
Ngokunyamekela ukujonga inkqubo ye-welding kunye nokwazi oonobangela be-porosity, kulula ukuphumeza izisombululo. Ukwenza njalo kunokunceda ekuqinisekiseni ixesha elikhulu le-arc-on, iziphumo ezisemgangathweni kunye nezinye iindawo ezilungileyo ezihamba ngemveliso.
Ixesha lokuposa: Feb-02-2020
