1. Isishwankathelo sentsimbi ye-cryogenic
1) Iimfuno zobugcisa zentsimbi ephantsi yobushushu ngokuqhelekileyo: amandla okwaneleyo kunye nokuqina okwaneleyo kwindawo yobushushu obuphantsi, ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-welding, ukucubungula ukusebenza kunye nokumelana nokubola, njl. ukuthintela ukwenzeka kunye nokwandiswa kwe-brittle fracture kwiqondo lokushisa eliphantsi yeyona nto ibalulekileyo. Ke ngoko, amazwe adla ngokumisela ixabiso elithile lokuqina kweqondo lobushushu elisezantsi.
2) Phakathi kwamacandelo ensimbi ephantsi kobushushu, kukholelwa ngokubanzi ukuba izinto ezifana nekhabhoni, isilicon, iphosphorus, isulfure, kunye nenitrogen ziwohloka ukuqina kobushushu obuphantsi, kwaye iphosphorus yeyona nto inobungozi, ngoko ke i-dephosphorization yokuqala yobushushu obuphantsi kufuneka kwenziwa ngexesha lokunyibilikisa. Izinto ezifana ne-manganese kunye ne-nickel zinokuphucula ukuqina kobushushu obuphantsi. Kuwo wonke umyinge we-1% wokunyuka komxholo we-nickel, iqondo lobushushu lenguquko elibukhali linokwehliswa malunga ne-20°C.
I-3) Inkqubo yokunyanga ukushisa inefuthe eliqinisekileyo kwisakhiwo se-metallographic kunye nobukhulu beenkozo zentsimbi ephantsi yobushushu, obuchaphazela ubushushu obuphantsi bentsimbi. Emva kokucima kunye nonyango olushushu, ukuqina kweqondo lokushisa eliphantsi ngokucacileyo kuphuculwe.
I-4) Ngokweendlela ezahlukeneyo zokutshisa okutshisayo, insimbi ephantsi yobushushu inokwahlulwa ibe yintsimbi etyhidiweyo kunye nentsimbi. Ngokomahluko wokubunjwa kunye nesakhiwo se-metallographic, intsimbi ephantsi yobushushu inokwahlulwa ibe: intsimbi ephantsi, intsimbi ye-nickel eyi-6%, intsimbi ye-nickel eyi-9%, i-chromium-manganese okanye i-chromium-manganese-nickel intsimbi ye-austenitic kunye ne-chromium-nickel austenitic steel stainless steel. yima. Insimbi ephantsi kwe-alloy isetyenziselwa ngokubanzi kwiqondo lokushisa malunga ne-100 ° C ukwenzela ukuveliswa kwezixhobo zefriji, izixhobo zokuthutha, amagumbi okugcina i-vinyl kunye nezixhobo zepetrochemical. EUnited States, eUnited Kingdom, eJapan nakwamanye amazwe, i-9% yensimbi ye-nickel isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwizakhiwo eziphantsi kweqondo lokushisa kwi-196 ° C, njengamatanki okugcina ukugcinwa kunye nokuthuthwa kwe-biogas ene-liquefied kunye ne-methane, izixhobo zokugcina i-oksijeni yamanzi. , kunye nokuvelisa ioksijini engamanzi kunye nenitrogen engamanzi. I-Austenitic stainless steel yinto entle kakhulu enobushushu obuphantsi. Inokuqina okuhle kobushushu obuphantsi, ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-welding, kunye ne-thermal conductivity ephantsi. Isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiindawo ezinobushushu obuphantsi, njengeetanki zothutho kunye neetanki zokugcina i-hydrogen engamanzi kunye neoksijini engamanzi. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokuba iqulethe i-chromium eninzi kunye ne-nickel, ibiza kakhulu.
2. Isishwankathelo sokwakhiwa kwe-welding yensimbi yokushisa ephantsi
Xa ukhetha indlela yokwakhiwa kwe-welding kunye neemeko zokwakha zetsimbi eziphantsi, ugxininiso lwengxaki lukwimiba emibini elandelayo: ukuthintela ukuwohloka kobunzima obuphantsi bobushushu bomdibaniselwano odibeneyo kunye nokuthintela ukwenzeka kweentanda ze-welding.
1) Bevel processing
Ifom ye-groove ye-low-temperature yensimbi edibeneyo edibeneyo ayifani nomgaqo kwi-carbon steel eqhelekileyo, i-alloy iron ephantsi okanye i-stainless steel, kwaye inokuphathwa njengesiqhelo. Kodwa kwi-9Ni Gang, i-angle yokuvula i-groove ikhethwa ukuba ingabi ngaphantsi kwama-degrees angama-70, kwaye umphetho onqabileyo awukho ngaphantsi kwe-3mm.
Zonke iintsimbi zobushushu obuphantsi zinokusikwa ngetotshi ye-oxyacetylene. Yinto yokuba isantya sokusika sicotha kancinci xa igesi isika i-9Ni yentsimbi kunaxa igesi isika intsimbi eqhelekileyo yekhabhoni. Ukuba ubukhulu bentsimbi budlula i-100mm, i-cut cut can be preheated ukuya kwi-150-200 ° C ngaphambi kokusika igesi, kodwa ingabi ngaphezu kwe-200 ° C.
Ukusika igesi akukho miphumo emibi kwiindawo ezichaphazelekayo ngokushisa kwe-welding. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yeempawu zokuziqinisa zensimbi ene-nickel, umphezulu osikiweyo uya kuba nzima. Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okwanelisayo komdibaniso odibeneyo, kungcono ukusebenzisa ivili lokugaya ukugaya umphezulu we-cut surface ecocekileyo phambi kwe-welding.
I-arc gouging ingasetyenziselwa ukuba i-weld bead okanye isiseko sesinyithi siza kususwa ngexesha lokwakhiwa kwe-welding. Nangona kunjalo, umphezulu wenotshi kusafuneka uhlanjwe ngesanti ngaphambi kokuba uphinde ufake isicelo.
I-Oxyacetylene i-flame gouging akufanele isetyenziswe ngenxa yengozi yokushisa intsimbi.
2) Ukukhethwa kwendlela ye-welding
Iindlela ze-welding eziqhelekileyo ezikhoyo kwi-low-temperature yentsimbi ziquka i-arc welding, i-arc welding ephantsi kwamanzi, kunye ne-electrode etyhidiweyo ye-argon arc welding.
I-arc welding yeyona ndlela isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwintsimbi yobushushu obuphantsi, kwaye inokudityaniswa kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zokuwelda. Ukushisa kwe-welding malunga ne-18-30KJ / cm. Ukuba i-electrode yohlobo oluphantsi lwe-hydrogen isetyenzisiweyo, i-welded joint welded eyanelisayo inokufumaneka. Ayizizo iipropathi zoomatshini kuphela ezilungileyo, kodwa ukuqina kwenotshi nako kulungile. Ukongezelela, umatshini we-arc welding ulula kwaye ungabizi, kwaye utyalo-mali lwezixhobo luncinci, kwaye aluchaphazeli isikhundla kunye nolwalathiso. iingenelo ezifana nemida.
Igalelo lobushushu le-arc welding ye-arc ye-arc ephantsi yensimbi yokushisa ephantsi malunga ne-10-22KJ / cm. Ngenxa yezixhobo zayo ezilula, ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-welding kunye nokusebenza kakuhle, isetyenziswa ngokubanzi. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yempembelelo yokushisa ukushisa kwe-flux, izinga lokupholisa liya kuthotywa, ngoko kukho ukuthambekela okukhulu kokuvelisa iintanda ezishushu. Ukongezelela, ukungcola kunye no-Si banokungena rhoqo kwintsimbi ye-weld ukusuka kwi-flux, eya kukhuthaza ngakumbi lo mkhuba. Ngoko ke, xa usebenzisa i-arc welding ephantsi kwamanzi, nikela ingqalelo ekukhethweni kocingo lwe-welding kunye ne-flux kwaye usebenze ngononophelo.
Amalungu adityaniswe yi-CO2 yegesi ekhuselweyo ye-welding anokuqina okuphantsi, ngoko ke awasetyenziswa kwi-welding yentsimbi ephantsi yobushushu.
I-tungsten argon arc welding (i-TIG welding) idla ngokuqhutywa ngesandla, kwaye igalelo layo lobushushu le-welding lilinganiselwe kwi-9-15KJ / cm. Ngoko ke, nangona i-welded joints inempahla eyanelisayo ngokupheleleyo, ayifanelekanga ngokupheleleyo xa ubukhulu bentsimbi budlula i-12mm.
I-MIG welding yeyona ndlela isetyenziswa kakhulu ngokuzenzekelayo okanye i-semi-automatic welding kubushushu obuphantsi bentsimbi yokuwelda. Igalelo layo lobushushu le-welding yi-23-40KJ / cm. Ngokwendlela yokudlulisa i-droplet, inokwahlulwa ibe ziindidi ezintathu: inkqubo yokudlulisa i-short-circuit (igalelo eliphantsi lokushisa), inkqubo yokudlulisa i-jet (igalelo eliphezulu lobushushu) kunye nenkqubo yokudlulisa i-pulse jet (ubushushu obuphezulu). Inguqu emfutshane ye-MIG welding inengxaki yokungena ngokwaneleyo, kwaye i-defect of fusion embi ingenzeka. Iingxaki ezifanayo zikhona nezinye ii-MIG fluxes, kodwa kwinqanaba elahlukileyo. Ukuze wenze i-arc igxininise ngakumbi ukufezekisa ukungena okunelisayo, iipesenti ezininzi ukuya kwishumi ekhulwini le-CO2 okanye i-O2 inokungeniswa kwi-argon ecocekileyo njengegesi ekhuselayo. Iipesenti ezifanelekileyo ziya kumiselwa ngovavanyo lwentsimbi ethile edityanisiweyo.
3) Ukukhethwa kwezinto ze-welding
Izinto ze-welding (kubandakanywa intonga ye-welding, i-welding wire kunye ne-flux, njl.) kufuneka ngokuqhelekileyo isekelwe kwindlela ye-welding esetyenziswayo. Ifom edibeneyo kunye ne-groove shape kunye nezinye iimpawu eziyimfuneko zokukhetha. Kwintsimbi ephantsi yobushushu, eyona nto ibalulekileyo ekufuneka uyithathele ingqalelo kukwenza intsimbi ye-weld ibe nokuqina okuphantsi kobushushu okwaneleyo ukuhambelana nesiseko sesinyithi, kunye nokunciphisa umxholo we-hydrogen edibeneyo kuwo.
I-Xinfa welding inomgangatho obalaseleyo kunye nokuqina olomeleleyo, ngeenkcukacha, nceda ujonge:https://www.xinfatools.com/welding-cutting/
(1) Aluminiyam deoxidized steel
I-Aluminiyam i-deoxidized steel yinqanaba lentsimbi elivakalelwa kakhulu kwimpembelelo yezinga lokupholisa emva kwe-welding. Uninzi lwee-electrode ezisetyenziswa kwi-arc manual welding ye-aluminium deoxidized steel yi-Si-Mn low-hydrogen electrode okanye i-1.5% ye-Ni kunye ne-2.0% ye-electrode ye-Ni.
Ukuze kuncitshiswe igalelo lobushushu be-welding, i-aluminium deoxidized steel ithatha kuphela i-welding multi-layer ene-electrode ebhityileyo ye-≤¢ 3 ~ 3.2mm, ukwenzela ukuba umjikelo wobushushu wesibini womaleko ongaphezulu we-weld ungasetyenziselwa ukucokisa iinkozo.
Ukuqina kwempembelelo yentsimbi ye-weld edityanisiweyo kunye ne-Si-Mn series electrode iya kuncipha ngokukhawuleza kwi-50 ℃ ngokunyuka kwegalelo lobushushu. Ngokomzekelo, xa igalelo lokushisa linyuka ukusuka kwi-18KJ / cm ukuya kwi-30KJ / cm, ubunzima buya kulahlekelwa ngaphezu kwe-60%. I-1.5% ye-Series ye-Ni kunye ne-2.5% ye-electrode ye-welding ye-series ayivakali kakhulu kule nto, ngoko ke kungcono ukhethe olu hlobo lwe-electrode ye-welding.
I-arc welding ephantsi kwamanzi yindlela eqhelekileyo esetyenziswa ngokuzenzekelayo ye-aluminiyam deoxidized steel. I-wire welding esetyenziswe kwi-arc welding ephantsi kwamanzi ikhetha uhlobo oluqukethe i-1.5 ~ 3.5% ye-nickel kunye ne-0.5 ~ 1.0% ye-molybdenum.
Ngokoncwadi, nge-2.5% Ni—0.8% Cr—0.5% Mo okanye i-2% ye-Ni welding wire, ehambelana ne-flux efanelekileyo, i-avareji ye-Charpy yokuqina kwexabiso le-weld metal kwi-55 ° C inokufikelela kwi-56-70J (5.7) ~7.1Kgf.m). Naxa i-0.5% i-Mo welding wire kunye ne-manganese alloy basic flux isetyenziswa, ukuba nje igalelo lobushushu lilawulwa ngaphantsi kwe-26KJ/cm, intsimbi ye-weld ene-ν∑-55=55J (5.6Kgf.m) isenokuveliswa.
Xa ukhetha i-flux, kufuneka kuhlawulwe ingqalelo ekufaniseni i-Si kunye ne-Mn kwi-weld metal. Ubungqina bovavanyo. Imixholo eyahlukeneyo ye-Si kunye ne-Mn kwintsimbi ye-weld iya kutshintsha kakhulu ixabiso lobunzima beCharpy. Iziqulatho zeSi kunye noMn ezinexabiso eligqwesileyo lokuqina yi-0.1 ~ 0.2%Si kunye ne-0.7 ~ 1.1% Mn. Xa ukhetha i-welding wire kwaye Qaphela oku xa u-soldering.
I-Tungsten argon arc welding kunye ne-metal argon arc welding ayisetyenziswa kancinci kwi-aluminium deoxidized steel. Ezi ngcingo zokuwelda zingasentla zokuwelda i-arc ephantsi kwamanzi zingasetyenziselwa ukuwelda i-argon arc.
(2) 2.5Ni intsimbi kunye ne-3.5Ni
I-arc welding ephantsi kwamanzi okanye i-MIG welding ye-2.5Ni yensimbi kunye ne-3.5Ni yensimbi ngokubanzi inokudityaniswa kunye nocingo olufanayo lwe-welding njengento esisiseko. Kodwa njengokuba i-Wilkinson formula (5) ibonisa, uMn yinto eshushu yokuqhawula inhibitor yensimbi ephantsi ye-nickel yobushushu obuphantsi. Ukugcina isiqulatho semanganese kwintsimbi edityanisiweyo malunga ne-1.2% kuluncedo kakhulu ukuthintela iintanda ezishushu ezifana neentanda ze-arc crater. Oku kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo xa ukhetha ukudibanisa i-welding wire kunye ne-flux.
I-3.5Ni intsimbi ithanda ukuba nomsindo kwaye i-embrittled, ngoko emva konyango lobushushu emva kwe-weld (umzekelo, i-620 ° C× 1 iyure, emva koko i-furnace yokupholisa) ukuphelisa uxinzelelo olushiyekileyo, i-ν∑-100 iya kuhla ngokukhawuleza ukusuka kwi-3.8 Kgf.m ukuya 2.1Kgf.m ayisakwazi ukuhlangabezana neemfuno. Intsimbi yeweld eyenziwe ngokuwelda nge 4.5%Ni-0.2%Mo series welding wire inotyekelo oluncinci kakhulu lobushushu bomsindo. Ukusebenzisa olu cingo lwe-welding kunokuphepha ubunzima obungasentla.
(3) 9Ni intsimbi
I-9Ni intsimbi idla ngokuphathwa ubushushu ngokucinywa kunye nokuqukumbela okanye ngokuphindwe kabini ukuqheleka kunye nokufudumeza ukunyusa ukuqina kwayo okuphantsi kobushushu. Kodwa intsimbi edityanisiweyo yale ntsimbi ayinakuphathwa ubushushu njengalapha ngasentla. Ke ngoko, kunzima ukufumana intsimbi ye-weld enokuqina okuphantsi kobushushu obuthelekiswa nesiseko sesinyithi ukuba kusetyenziswa izinto ezisetyenziswayo zentsimbi. Okwangoku, izinto zokuwelda eziphezulu ze-nickel zisetyenziswa kakhulu. I-welds efakwe kwizinto ezinjalo ze-welding ziya kuba yi-austenitic ngokupheleleyo. Nangona inezinto ezingalunganga zamandla angaphantsi kunesiseko sentsimbi ye-9Ni kunye namaxabiso abiza kakhulu, i-brittle fracture ayiseyongxaki enkulu kuyo.
Ukusuka apha ngasentla, kunokwaziwa ukuba ngenxa yokuba intsimbi ye-weld i-austenitic ngokupheleleyo, ukuqina kobushushu obuphantsi bentsimbi ye-weld esetyenziselwa ukuwelda nge-electrode kunye neengcingo kuthelekiswa ngokupheleleyo naleyo yesiseko sesinyithi, kodwa amandla okuqina kunye nenqaku lesivuno. ngaphantsi kwesiseko sesinyithi. Insimbi ene-nickel iyazenza lukhuni, ngoko ke uninzi lwee-electrode kunye neengcingo zinika ingqalelo ekunciphiseni umxholo wekhabhoni ukuze kufezekiswe ukuwelda okulungileyo.
I-Mo yinto ebalulekileyo yokomeleza kwizinto ze-welding, ngelixa i-Nb, i-Ta, i-Ti kunye ne-W zizinto ezibalulekileyo zokuqina, ezinikwe ingqwalasela epheleleyo ekukhethweni kwezinto zokudibanisa.
Xa i-welding wire efanayo isetyenziselwa i-welding, amandla kunye nokuqina kwentsimbi ye-weld ye-arc welding ephantsi kwamanzi imbi kakhulu kune-MIG welding, enokuthi ibangelwa ukuhla kwesantya sokupholisa i-weld kunye nokungenwa kokungena kokungcola okanye i-Si. ukusuka kwi-flux ye.
3. A333-GR6 ubushushu obuphantsi umbhobho welding welding
1) Uhlalutyo lwe-Weldability yensimbi ye-A333-GR6
Intsimbi ye-A333–GR6 yeyentsimbi yobushushu obuphantsi, ubuncinci benkonzo yobushushu yi--70 ℃, kwaye idla ngokubonelelwa ngokwesiqhelo okanye ngokwesiqhelo kunye nemo epholileyo. Intsimbi ye-A333-GR6 inomxholo wekhabhoni ephantsi, ngoko ke ukuthambekela kokuqina kunye nokuthambekela kokuqhekeka okubandayo kuncinci, izinto eziphathekayo zinokuqina okuhle kunye neplastiki, ngokuqhelekileyo akukho lula ukuvelisa ukuqina kunye neziphene zokuqhekeka, kwaye inokuqina okuhle. I-ER80S-Ni1 i-argon arc welding wire ingasetyenziswa Nge-W707Ni electrode, sebenzisa i-argon-electric joint welding, okanye usebenzise i-ER80S-Ni1 i-argon arc welding wire, kwaye usebenzise i-argon arc welding epheleleyo ukuze uqinisekise ukuqina okulungileyo kwamalungu adibeneyo. I-brand ye-argon arc welding wire kunye ne-electrode inokukhetha iimveliso ezinomsebenzi ofanayo, kodwa zinokusetyenziswa kuphela ngemvume yomnini.
2) Inkqubo ye-Welding
Ukufumana iindlela zenkqubo ye-welding eneenkcukacha, nceda ubhekisele kwincwadi yemiyalelo yenkqubo ye-welding okanye i-WPS. Ngexesha le-welding, i-I-type butt joint and full argon arc welding yamkelwa kwimibhobho enobubanzi obungaphantsi kwe-76.2 mm; kwimibhobho enobubanzi obungaphezu kwe-76.2 mm, i-grooves ene-V yenziwe, kwaye indlela yokudibanisa i-argon-electric i-welding kunye ne-argon arc priming kunye nokuzaliswa kwe-multi-layer isetyenziswa okanye Indlela ye-argon epheleleyo ye-arc welding. Indlela ekhethekileyo kukukhetha indlela ye-welding ehambelanayo ngokomahluko kwi-diameter yepayipi kunye nobukhulu bodonga lombhobho kwi-WPS evunywe ngumnini.
3) Inkqubo yonyango lokushisa
(1) Ukufudumeza ngaphambi kokuba udibanise
Xa ubushushu be-ambient bungaphantsi kwe-5 ° C, i-weldment kufuneka ifudunyezwe, kwaye i-preheating ye-preheating yi-100-150 ° C; uluhlu lwangaphambili lokufudumala luyi-100 mm kumacala omabini e-weld; ifudunyezwa ngedangatye le-oxyacetylene (ilangatye elingathathi hlangothi), kwaye iqondo lobushushu liyalinganiswa Ipeni ilinganisa ubushushu kumgama we-50-100 mm ukusuka kumbindi we-weld, kwaye iindawo zokulinganisa ubushushu zisasazwa ngokulinganayo ukulawula ubushushu obungcono. .
(2) Unyango lokushisa emva kwe-weld
Ukuze kuphuculwe ukuqina kwenotshi yensimbi ephantsi yobushushu, izinto ezisetyenziswayo ngokubanzi ziye zacinywa kwaye zinomsindo. Unyango olungafanelekanga lwe-post-weld heat heat luhlala luphazamisa ukusebenza kwayo okuphantsi kobushushu, okufuneka kuhlawulwe ingqalelo ngokwaneleyo. Ngoko ke, ngaphandle kweemeko zobunzima obukhulu be-weldment okanye iimeko ezinzima kakhulu zokuzibamba, unyango lwe-post-weld luhlala lungaqhutyelwa kwintsimbi ephantsi yobushushu. Umzekelo, ukuwelda kwemibhobho emitsha ye-LPG kwi-CSPC ayifuni unyango lobushushu emva kwe-weld. Ukuba unyango ubushushu post-weld ngokwenene efunekayo kwezinye iiprojekthi, izinga lokufudumeza, ixesha lobushushu rhoqo kunye izinga lokupholisa unyango ubushushu post-weld kufuneka ngokungqongqo ngokungqinelana nale migaqo ilandelayo:
Xa izinga lokushisa liphakama ngaphezu kwe-400 ℃, izinga lokushisa akufanele lidlule i-205 × 25 / δ ℃ / h, kwaye akufanele lidlule i-330 ℃ / h. Ixesha leqondo lobushushu elingaguqukiyo kufuneka libe yiyure enye nge-25 mm ubukhulu bodonga, kwaye kungabi ngaphantsi kwemizuzu eyi-15. Ngexesha lobushushu obungaguqukiyo, umahluko weqondo lobushushu phakathi kowona bushushu uphezulu kunye nowona uphantsi kufuneka ube ngaphantsi kwe-65 ℃.
Emva kobushushu obuqhubekayo, izinga lokupholisa akufanele libe ngaphezu kwe-65 × 25/δ ℃/h, kwaye akufanele libe ngaphezu kwe-260 ℃/h. Ukupholisa kwendalo kuvumelekile ngaphantsi kwe-400 ℃. TS-1 uhlobo lwezixhobo zonyango lobushushu ezilawulwa yikhompyutha.
4) Izilumkiso
(1) Ukutshisa ngokungqongqo ngokwemigaqo, kwaye ulawule ubushushu be-interlayer, kwaye ubushushu be-interlayer bulawulwa kwi-100-200 ℃. Umthungo ngamnye we-welding uya kuthungelwa ngexesha elinye, kwaye ukuba uphazamisekile, amanyathelo okupholisa kancinane kuya kuthathwa.
(2) Umphezulu we-weldment unqatshelwe ngokungqongqo ukuba ukhutshwe yi-arc. I-arc crater kufuneka izaliswe kwaye iziphene kufuneka zicolwe ngevili lokusila xa i-arc ivaliwe. Ukudibanisa phakathi kweengqimba ze-welding ye-multi-layer kufuneka igxininiswe.
(3) Lawula ngokungqongqo amandla ombane, wamkele umsinga omncinci, umbane ophantsi, kunye ne-welding ekhawulezayo. Ubude be-welding ye-electrode ye-W707Ni nganye enobubanzi obuyi-3.2 mm kufuneka ibe ngaphezu kwe-8 cm.
(4) Indlela yokusebenza ye-arc emfutshane kwaye akukho swing kufuneka yamkelwe.
(5) Inkqubo epheleleyo yokungena kufuneka yamkelwe, kwaye kufuneka iqhutywe ngokungqongqo ngokuhambelana neemfuno zenkcazo yenkqubo ye-welding kunye nekhadi lenkqubo ye-welding.
(6) Ukuqiniswa kwe-weld ngu-0 ~ 2mm, kwaye ububanzi becala ngalinye le-weld ngu-≤ 2mm.
(7) Uvavanyo olungonakalisi lunokwenziwa ubuncinane kwiiyure ezingama-24 emva kokuba uhlolo olubonakalayo lwe-weld lufanelekile. Iintsimbi zentsimbi yombhobho ziya kuxhomekeka kwi-JB 4730-94.
(8) "Iinqanawa zoxinzelelo: Uvavanyo olungonakaliyo lweZitya zoxinzelelo", udidi lwe-II olufanelekileyo.
(9) Ukulungiswa kwe-weld kufuneka kwenziwe ngaphambi kokuba unyango lwe-weld lufudumale. Ukuba ukulungiswa kuyimfuneko emva kokunyanga kokushisa, i-weld kufuneka iphinde ishushu emva kokulungiswa.
(10) Ukuba i-geometric dimension ye-weld surface idlula umgangatho, ukugaya kuvunyelwe, kwaye ubukhulu emva kokugaya abuyi kuba ngaphantsi kwemfuno yoyilo.
(11) Kwiziphene ze-welding jikelele, ukulungiswa kwezinto ezimbini kuvunyelwe. Ukuba ukulungiswa kwezinto ezimbini zisafanelekile, i-weld kufuneka inqunyulwe kwaye iphinde ifakwe kwakhona ngokwenkqubo epheleleyo ye-welding.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jun-21-2023
