Kwiileyile zangoku ze-CNC zoqoqosho kwilizwe lethu, iimotor eziqhelekileyo ezinenqanaba le-asynchronous zihlala zisetyenziselwa ukufikelela kwisantya esingenanyathelo ngokuguqula amaza. Ukuba akukho kuncitshiswa komatshini, i-torque yokuphuma kwe-spindle ihlala ingonelanga kwizantya eziphantsi. Ukuba umthwalo wokusika ukhulu kakhulu, kulula ukufumana isithukuthezi. Nangona kunjalo, ezinye izixhobo zoomatshini zinezixhobo zegiya ezisombulula le ngxaki kakuhle kakhulu.
1. Impembelelo kwiqondo lokushisa lokusika: isantya sokusika, izinga lokutya, inani lokusika umva;
Impembelelo kumandla okusika: umva wokusika inani, izinga lokutya, isantya sokusika;
Impembelelo ekuzinzeni kwesixhobo: isantya sokusika, izinga lokutya, isixa sokubandakanyeka ngasemva.
2. Xa isixa sokusika umva siphindwe kabini, amandla okusika aphindwe kabini;
Xa izinga lokutya liphindwe kabini, amandla okusika anyuka malunga ne-70%;
Xa isantya sokusika siphindwe kabini, amandla okusika ayancipha ngokuthe ngcembe;
Ngamanye amazwi, ukuba i-G99 isetyenzisiwe kwaye isantya sokusika siba sikhulu, amandla okusika akayi kutshintsha kakhulu.
3. Inokuthi igwetywe ngokusekelwe ekukhutshweni kweentsimbi zetsimbi nokuba amandla okusika kunye nokushisa okusika kuphakathi koluhlu oluqhelekileyo.
4. Xa elona xabiso lilinganisiweyo ) I-R oyikhuphileyo inokukrwelwa kwindawo yokuqala.
5.Iqondo lobushushu elimelwe ngumbala weefayili zentsimbi:
Umhlophe ungaphantsi kwama-degrees angama-200
Yellow 220-240 degrees
Ibhlowu emnyama i-290 degrees
Blue 320-350 degrees
Umnyama omfusa mkhulu kuno 500 degrees
Ubomvu bungaphezu kwama-800 degrees
6.FUNAC OI mtc idla ngokungagqibekanga kumyalelo we-G:
G69: Rhoxisa umyalelo wenkqubo yolungelelwaniso lwe-G68
G21: Ubungakanani beMetric yokufaka
I-G25: Ukubhaqwa kwesantya sokuguquguquka kweSpindle kuyekiwe
G80: Ukurhoxiswa komjikelo osisigxina
G54: Lungelelanisa ukusilela kwenkqubo
G18: Ukukhetha inqwelomoya yeZX
I-G96 (G97): ulawulo lwesantya somgca rhoqo
G99: Isondlo ngokwenguquko nganye
I-G40: Ukurhoxiswa kwembuyekezo yempumlo yesixhobo (G41 G42)
G22: Ubhaqo lwestroke olugciniweyo luvuliwe
I-G67: Umnxeba wemodal yenkqubo enkulu icinyiwe
G64: Ngumyalelo wemowudi eqhubekayo kwinkqubo yokuqala ye-Siemens. Umsebenzi wayo kukungqukuva okusangqa kunye nokunyamezela i-axial. I-G64 ngumyalelo wokuqala we-G642 kamva kunye ne-CYCLE832.
I-G13.1: Imo yolungelelaniso lwepolar irhoxisiwe
7. Intambo yangaphandle ngokuqhelekileyo i-1.3P kunye nentambo yangaphakathi yi-1.08P.
8. Isantya somsonto S1200/umsonto *ukhuseleko factor (ngokubanzi 0.8).
9. Ingcebiso yesixhobo esisetyenziswa ngesandla se-R ifomyula yembuyekezo: i-chamfering ukusuka ezantsi ukuya phezulu: Z=R* (1-tan(a/2)) X=R(1-tan(a/2))*tan(a) Ukusuka kutshintsho nje i-chamfer ukusuka ku-minus ukuya kudibanisa xa unyuka usihla.
10. Ngalo lonke ixesha ukondla kwanda ngo-0.05, isantya sokujikeleza sinciphisa ngo-50-80 rpm. Oku kungenxa yokuba ukunciphisa isantya sokujikeleza kuthetha ukuba isixhobo sokugqoka siyancipha, kwaye amandla okusika anyuka ngokukhawuleza, ngaloo ndlela enze ukunyuka kwamandla okusika kunye nokushisa ngenxa yokunyuka kokutya. impembelelo.
11. Impembelelo yokusika isantya kunye namandla okusika kwisixhobo ibalulekile. Amandla okusika ngokugqithisileyo sesona sizathu sisisiseko sokuwa kwesixhobo.
Ubudlelwane phakathi kwesantya sokusika kunye namandla okusika: ngokukhawuleza isantya sokusika, ukutya kuhlala kungatshintshi kwaye amandla okusika ayancipha ngokukhawuleza. Ngexesha elifanayo, ngokukhawuleza isantya sokusika, ngokukhawuleza isixhobo sinxiba, okwenza amandla okusika abe mkhulu kwaye makhulu, kwaye ukushisa kuya kwanda. Eyona nto iphakamileyo, xa amandla okusika kunye noxinzelelo lwangaphakathi lukhulu kakhulu ukuba i-blade ikwazi ukumelana, i-blade iya kudilika (ngokuqinisekileyo kukho nezizathu ezifana noxinzelelo olubangelwa utshintsho lweqondo lokushisa kunye nokunciphisa ubunzima).
12. Ngexesha le-CNC lathe processing, ingqwalasela eyodwa kufuneka ihlawulwe kula manqaku alandelayo:
(1) Okwangoku, iileyile zezoqoqosho ze-CNC kwilizwe lethu ngokubanzi zisebenzisa iimotor eziqhelekileyo zenqanaba lesithathu le-asynchronous ukufezekisa utshintsho lwesantya esingenanyathelo ngokuguqulela amaza. Ukuba akukho kuncitshiswa komatshini, i-torque yokuphuma kwe-spindle ihlala ingonelanga kwizantya eziphantsi. Ukuba umthwalo wokusika ukhulu kakhulu, kulula ukufumana isithukuthezi. Nangona kunjalo, ezinye izixhobo zoomatshini zixhotyiswe ngezixhobo zokulungisa le ngxaki;
(2) Zama ukwenza isixhobo sigqibezele ukusetyenzwa kwecandelo elinye okanye ishifti enye yomsebenzi. Nika ingqalelo ekhethekileyo ekugqityweni kwamacandelo amakhulu ukuze ugweme utshintsho lwesixhobo phakathi ukuze uqinisekise ukuba isixhobo sinokucutshungulwa ngexesha elinye;
(3) Xa ujika iintambo nge-lathe ye-CNC, sebenzisa isantya esiphezulu kangangoko ukuphumeza umgangatho ophezulu kunye nemveliso esebenzayo;
(4) Sebenzisa i-G96 kangangoko kunokwenzeka;
(5) Ingcamango esisiseko ye-high-speed machining kukwenza i-feed idlule isantya sokuqhuba ubushushu, ngaloo ndlela ikhupha ubushushu bokusika kunye neetshiphu zentsimbi ukuhlukanisa ubushushu bokusika kwi-workpiece ukuqinisekisa ukuba i-workpiece ayishushu okanye ishushu. phezulu kancinci. Ke ngoko, umatshini wesantya esiphezulu kukukhetha ubushushu obuphezulu. Tshatisa isantya sokusika kunye nokutya okuphezulu kwaye ukhethe inani elincinci lokusika umva;
(6) Nikela ingqalelo kwimbuyekezo yesixhobo ingcebiso R.
13. Ukungcangcazela kunye nokuwa kwesixhobo kuhlala kwenzeka ngexesha lokujika:
Isizathu esisisiseko sayo yonke le nto kukuba amandla okusika ayanda kwaye ukuqina kwesixhobo akwanelanga. Ifutshane ubude besixhobo sokwandisa, i-angle encinci yokunceda, inkulu indawo ye-blade, ingcono ukuqina, kunye namandla amakhulu okusika, kodwa ububanzi besixhobo se-groove Inkulu amandla okusika, inkulu amandla okusika. inokumelana iya kwanda ngokufanelekileyo, kodwa amandla ayo okusika nawo aya kwanda. Ngokuchasene noko, i-groove cutter encinci, amandla amancinci anokumelana nayo, kodwa amandla ayo okusika aya kuba ncinane.
14. Izizathu zokungcangcazela ngexesha lokujika kweleyile:
(1) Ubude bokwandiswa kwesixhobo bude kakhulu, okunciphisa ukuqina;
(2) Izinga lokutya licotha kakhulu, eliya kubangela ukuba iyunithi yokusika amandla inyuke kwaye ibangele ukungcangcazela okukhulu. Ifomula yile: P=F/umva wokusika imali*f. I-P yiyunithi yokusika amandla kunye no-F amandla okusika. Ukongeza, isantya sokujikeleza sikhawuleza kakhulu. Imela nayo iya kungcangcazela;
(3) Isixhobo somatshini asiqinile ngokwaneleyo, oku kuthetha ukuba isixhobo sokusika sinokumelana namandla okusika, kodwa isixhobo somatshini asikwazi. Ukuyibeka ngokucacileyo, isixhobo somatshini asishukumi. Ngokuqhelekileyo, iibhedi ezintsha azinalo olu hlobo lwengxaki. Iibhedi ezinolu hlobo lwengxaki zindala kakhulu. Okanye uhlala udibana nababulali bezixhobo zoomatshini.
15. Xa ndikrola imveliso, ndafumanisa ukuba imilinganiselo yayilungile ekuqaleni, kodwa emva kweeyure ezimbalwa ndafumanisa ukuba imilinganiselo yayitshintshile kwaye imilinganiselo yayingazinzanga. Isizathu sinokuthi iimela zazintsha zonke ekuqaleni, ngoko ke amandla okusika ayephantsi kakhulu. Ayinkulu kakhulu, kodwa emva kokujika ixesha elithile, isixhobo sinxiba kwaye amandla okusika ayanda, okubangela ukuba i-workpiece itshintshe kwi-chuck, ngoko ke imilinganiselo ihlala ivaliwe kwaye ingazinzanga.
16. Xa usebenzisa i-G71, ixabiso le-P kunye ne-Q alikwazi ukudlula inani lokulandelelana kweprogram yonke, ngaphandle koko i-alamu iya kuvela: Ifomethi yomyalelo we-G71-G73 ayilunganga, ubuncinane kwi-FUANC.
17. Kukho iifomati ezimbini zeendlela ezingaphantsi kwinkqubo yeFANUC:
(1) Amanani amathathu okuqala eP000 0000 abhekiselele kwinani lemijikelo, kwaye ezine zokugqibela linani lenkqubo;
(2) Amanani amane okuqala e-P0000L000 linani leprogram, kwaye amanani amathathu emva kwe-L linani lemijikelo.
18. Ukuba indawo yokuqala ye-arc ihlala ingatshintshi kwaye isiphelo sokugqibela silungiswa nge-mm kwicala le-Z, indawo ye-arc ye-diameter ye-arc iya kulungiswa nge-a / 2.
19. Xa ubhobhoza imingxuma enzulu, i-drill bit ayigayi i-groove yokusika ukuququzelela ukukhutshwa kwe-chip nge-drill bit.
20. Ukuba usebenzisa isibambi isixhobo ukugrumba imingxuma kwisixhobo, ungajikelezisa i-drill bit ukutshintsha i-diameter yomngxuma.
21. Xa ubhobhoza imingxuma yeziko lensimbi engenasici okanye imingxuma yensimbi engenasici, indawo ephakathi kwe-drill bit okanye i-drill center kufuneka ibe yincinci, ngaphandle koko ayiyi kuchithwa. Xa ubhobhoza imingxuma nge-cobalt drill, musa ukugaya i-groove ukuze ugweme ukukhutshwa kwe-drill bit ngexesha lokugaya.
22. Ngokwenkqubo, ngokuqhelekileyo kukho iintlobo ezintathu zokusika: ukusika isiqwenga esinye, ukusika iziqwenga ezimbini, kunye nokusika ibha yonke.
23. Xa i-ellipse ibonakala ngexesha lokuthunga, inokuba yinto ekhululekile. Sebenzisa nje imela yamazinyo ukuyicoca amaxesha ambalwa.
24. Kwezinye iisistim ezinokufaka iiprogram ezinkulu, iiprogram zemacro zingasetyenziswa endaweni ye-subroutine loops. Oku kunokugcina amanani enkqubo kwaye uphephe ingxaki enkulu.
25. Ukuba usebenzisa i-drill bit ukukhupha umngxuma, kodwa umngxuma unombhobho omkhulu, ungasebenzisa i-drill ephantsi-ezantsi ukukhupha umngxuma, kodwa i-twist drill kufuneka ibe mfutshane ukunyusa ukuqina.
26. Ukuba usebenzisa ngokuthe ngqo i-drill bit ukugrumba imingxuma kumatshini wokomba, i-diameter yomngxuma ingaphambuka. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba uyandisa umngxuma kumatshini wokugaya, ubukhulu abuyi kutshintsha. Umzekelo, ukuba usebenzisa i-10MM drill bit ukwandisa umngxuma kumatshini wokomba, ububanzi bomngxuma owandisiweyo buya kufana. Ukunyamezela kujikeleze iingcingo ezi-3.
27. Xa ukrola imingxuma emincinci (ngemingxuma), zama ukuqengqeleka iichips ngokuqhubekayo uze uzikhuphe emsila. Amanqaku aphambili e-rolling chips: 1. Isikhundla somese kufuneka sibe phezulu ngokufanelekileyo. 2. I-angle efanelekileyo ye-blade inclination angle kunye nobungakanani bokusika. Kunye nesantya sokutya, khumbula ukuba imela ayinakuba phantsi kakhulu kungenjalo kuya kuba lula ukophula iitshiphusi. Ukuba i-angle yokuphambuka yesibini yemela inkulu, iitshiphusi aziyi kuxinga kwibar yesixhobo nokuba iitshiphusi zophukile. Ukuba i-angle yokuphambuka yesibini incinci kakhulu, iichips ziya kubambeka kwisixhobo emva kokuba iitshiphuphu zophulwe. Ipali iba sengozini.
28. Ubukhulu becala lomnqamlezo wesibambi sesixhobo emngxunyeni, kuncinci ukuba isixhobo singcangcazele. Unako kwakhona ukubopha ibhendi yerabha eyomeleleyo kwisibambi sesixhobo, kuba ibhendi yerabha eyomeleleyo inokufunxa ukungcangcazela kwinqanaba elithile.
29. Xa ujika imingxuma yobhedu, i-tip R yemela ingaba nkulu ngokufanelekileyo (R0.4-R0.8). Ngokukodwa xa uguqula i-taper, iindawo zentsimbi zinokuba zilungile, kodwa iindawo zobhedu ziya kubamba.
Iziko lomatshini, imbuyekezo yesixhobo somatshini wokugaya i-CNC
Kwiinkqubo ze-CNC zamaziko omatshini kunye noomatshini bokugaya i-CNC, imisebenzi yembuyekezo yesixhobo ibandakanya imbuyekezo yeradiyasi yesixhobo, imbuyekezo ye-engile, imbuyekezo yobude kunye neminye imisebenzi yembuyekezo yesixhobo.
(1) Imbuyekezo ye-radius yesixhobo (G41, G42, G40) Ixabiso le-radius yesixhobo ligcinwe kwimemori ye-HXX kwangaphambili, apho i-XX yinombolo yememori. Emva kokuphumeza imbuyekezo yeradiyasi yesixhobo, inkqubo ye-CNC ibala ngokuzenzekelayo kwaye yenza isixhobo sihlawule ngokuzenzekelayo ngokweziphumo zokubala. Isixhobo seradiyasi imbuyekezo ekhohlo (G41) ithetha ukuba isixhobo siphambukela ekhohlo kwicala lentshukumo yendlela yomatshini ecwangcisiweyo (njengoko kubonisiwe kuMfanekiso 1), kunye nembuyekezo yeradiyasi ekunene (G42) ithetha ukuba isixhobo siphambukela ngasekunene kwesixhobo. intshukumo yendlela yomatshini ecwangcisiweyo. Sebenzisa i-G40 ukurhoxisa imbuyekezo yeradiyasi yesixhobo, kunye ne-H00 ukurhoxisa imbuyekezo yeradiyasi yesixhobo.
Isikhumbuzi soqeqesho lobuchwephesha be-CNC: Kucelwa uqaphele ngexesha lokusetyenziswa: xa useka okanye urhoxisa imbuyekezo yesixhobo, oko kukuthi, icandelo leprogram kusetyenziswa imiyalelo ye-G41, G42, ne-G40 mayisebenzise imiyalelo ye-G00 okanye ye-G01, kwaye i-G02 okanye i-G03 mayingasetyenziswa. Xa imbuyekezo yeradiyasi yesixhobo ithatha ixabiso elibi, Imisebenzi ye-G41 kunye ne-G42 iyatshintsheka.
Izixhobo ze-Xinfa ze-CNC zineempawu zomgangatho omhle kunye nexabiso eliphantsi. Ngeenkcukacha, nceda undwendwele:
Abavelisi beZixhobo ze-CNC-i-China CNC iFactory yeziXhobo kunye nababoneleli (xinfatools.com)
Kukho iindlela ezimbini zembuyekezo zembuyekezo yeradiyasi yesixhobo: umsebenzi we-B kunye nomsebenzi we-C. Ekubeni imbuyekezo yeradiyasi yesixhobo somsebenzi we-B yenza kuphela izibalo zembuyekezo yesixhobo esekelwe kweli candelo leprogram, ayinakuyisombulula ingxaki yotshintsho phakathi kwamacandelo eprogram kwaye ifuna ukuba i-workpiece contour iqhutywe ibe yinguqu ejikelezileyo. Ngoko ke, iikona ezibukhali ze-workpiece zine-processability embi, kunye ne-C function tool radius imbuyekezo Imbuyekezo inokusingatha ngokuzenzekelayo ukuhanjiswa kwendawo yesixhobo somzila wamacandelo amabini eprogram, kwaye inokucwangciswa ngokupheleleyo ngokuhambelana ne-workpiece contour. Ke ngoko, phantse zonke izixhobo zoomatshini zanamhlanje ze-CNC zisebenzisa imbuyekezo yesixhobo somsebenzi we-C. Ngeli xesha, kufuneka ukuba iibhloko ezimbini ezilandelayo ze-block radius yembuyekezo yesixhobo kufuneka zibe nemiyalelo yokufuduswa (G00, G01, G02, G03, njl.) echaza indiza yembuyekezo, ngaphandle koko imbuyekezo yesixhobo esichanekileyo ayinakusekwa.
(2) Imbuyekezo ye-Angle (G39) Xa iinqwelomoya ezimbini zinqumla kwi-angle edibeneyo, ukuhamba ngokugqithiseleyo kunye nokugqithisa kunokwenzeka, okukhokelela kwiimpazamo zomatshini. I-Angle compensation (G39) ingasetyenziselwa ukusombulula le ngxaki. Xa usebenzisa i-angle compensation (G39) umyalelo, nceda uqaphele ukuba lo myalelo awukho-modal kwaye usebenza kuphela kwibhloko yomyalelo. Inokusetyenziswa kuphela emva kwemiyalelo ye-G41 kunye ne-G42.
(3) Isixhobo sobude be-offset (G43, G44, G49) I-offset yobude besixhobo (G43, G44) umyalelo ungasetyenziselwa ukuhlawulela utshintsho kubude besixhobo nangaliphi na ixesha ngaphandle kokutshintsha inkqubo. Isixa sembuyekezo sigcinwa kwimemori eyalelwa yikhowudi ye-H. I-G43 ithetha ukongezwa kwexabiso lembuyekezo kwimemori kunye nexabiso lesiphelo lokulungelelanisa eliyalelwe yiprogram, kwaye i-G44 ithetha ukuthabatha. Ukurhoxisa ubude besixhobo, ungasebenzisa umyalelo we-G49 okanye umyalelo we-H00. Icandelo lenkqubo i-N80 G43 Z56 H05 iphakathi. Ukuba ixabiso kwimemori ye-05 yi-16, oko kuthetha ukuba ixabiso lokulungelelaniswa kwendawo yokugqibela yi-72mm.
Ixabiso lemali yembuyekezo kwimemori inokugcinwa kwimemori kwangaphambili usebenzisa i-MDI okanye i-DPL, okanye umyalelo wecandelo leprogram G10 P05 R16.0 ingasetyenziselwa ukubonisa ukuba imali yembuyekezo kwimemori No. 05 yi-16mm.
Ixesha lokuposa: Nov-06-2023
