Nantsi imiba emininzi edlala indima ekuthuthuzelekeni komqhubi we-welding, kubandakanywa ubushushu obuveliswa yinkqubo ye-welding, ukunyakaza okuphindaphindiweyo kwaye, ngamanye amaxesha, izixhobo ezinzima. Le miceli mngeni inokuthatha ubunzima, okukhokelela kwiintlungu, ukudinwa kunye noxinzelelo lomzimba nengqondo kubasebenzi be-welding.
Kukho amanyathelo, nangona kunjalo, ukunceda ukunciphisa impembelelo yale miba. Oku kubandakanya ukukhetha izixhobo ezifanelekileyo zomsebenzi, ukusebenzisa izixhobo kunye nezincedisi ezenzelwe ukuphucula intuthuzelo yabasebenzisi, kunye nokulandela ezinye iindlela ezingcono ezikhuthaza usetyenziso olufanelekileyo.
Ukukhetha i-gas metal arc welding echanekileyo (GMAW) umpu
Ukukhuthaza intuthuzelo yabaqhubi kunokunciphisa ithuba lokulimala okuhambelana nokuphindaphinda ukunyakaza, kunye nokunciphisa ukukhathala ngokubanzi. Ukukhetha umpu we-GMAW ohlangabezana neemfuno zesicelo - kwaye kwezinye iimeko ukulungelelanisa umpu - yindlela ebalulekileyo yokuchaphazela induduzo yomqhubi we-welding ukuze akwazi ukufezekisa iziphumo ezilungileyo.
Umpu wokudubula, umqheba, intamo kunye noyilo lwentambo yombane zonke zinceda ukufumanisa ukuba umqhubi we-welding unokuweld ixesha elingakanani ngaphandle kokudinwa okanye uxinzelelo. Ijiyometri edityanisiweyo yesicelo idlala indima ekuthuthuzelekeni komsebenzisi, kwaye ichaphazela ukuba ngawaphi amacandelo okukhethwa kuwo ukufikelela ngokudibeneyo.
Nantsi eminye imiba ekufuneka iqwalaselwe kukhetho lompu we-GMAW onokuchaphazela intuthuzelo, kunye nomgangatho kunye nemveliso:
I-Amperage:
Umpu wompu unokuba nefuthe elibalulekileyo ekuthuthuzelekeni komqhubi we-welding kuba, ngokwesiqhelo, iphezulu i-amperage, inkulu - kwaye inzima - umpu. Ke ngoko, umpu omkhulu we-amperage awunakuba lolona khetho lungcono ukuba lo mlinganiselo we-amperage awuyimfuneko ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zesicelo. Ukukhetha umpu omncinci we-amperage xa kunokwenzeka kunokunceda ukunciphisa ukudinwa kunye noxinzelelo kwizandla kunye nezandla zomqhubi we-welding. Ekukhetheni umlinganiselo ofanelekileyo, qwalasela iimfuno zomjikelo wesicelo. Umjikelo womsebenzi ubhekisela kwinani lemizuzu kwixesha le-10 lemizuzu apho umpu unokusebenza ngokugqibeleleyo ngaphandle kokushisa.
Ngokomzekelo, ipesenti ze-60 zomjikelezo womsebenzi uthetha imizuzu emithandathu ye-arc-ngexesha kwi-10-minute span. Uninzi lwezicelo alufuni ukuba umqhubi we-welding asebenzise umpu rhoqo kumjikelo opheleleyo womsebenzi. Kwiimeko ezininzi, umpu ophezulu we-amperage ufuneka kuphela xa umthombo wamandla uqhutywa ngokuqhubekayo.
Phatha:
Iinketho zokubamba ze-GMAW zemipu zibandakanya iindlela ezithe tye kunye nezigobileyo. Ukhetho oluchanekileyo luhlala luhla kwinkqubo ethile, iimfuno zesicelo kwaye-kaninzi-ukhetho lomsebenzisi. Gcina ukhumbule ukuba isiphatho esincinci sithande ukuba lula ukusibamba kunye nokuhamba. Ukongeza, ukhetho lwesibambo esingena umoya lukhuthaza ukuthuthuzelwa kwabaqhubi, kuba olu hlobo lunokupholisa ngokukhawuleza xa umpu ungasetyenziswa. Ngelixa intuthuzelo yabaqhubi kunye nokukhethwa kuyingqwalaselo ebalulekileyo, izibambo kufuneka zihlangabezane nompu kunye ne-amperage yesicelo kunye neemfuno zomjikelo womsebenzi. Umqheba othe tye unika ukuguquguquka ngokuvumela ukukhwela i-trigger phezulu okanye ezantsi kwesiphatho. Ukuyibeka phezulu lukhetho olulungileyo lokuphucula intuthuzelo yabaqhubi kwizicelo zokushisa okuphezulu okanye ezo zifuna ii-welds ezide.
Qalisa:
Kukho iinketho ezininzi zokuqalisa ezinokuthi ziphucule intuthuzelo kunye nokhuseleko. Khangela i-trigger engadingi amandla amaninzi okutsala kunokuba kuyimfuneko ukugcina i-arc, ukunciphisa uxinzelelo kumqhubi. Kwakhona, izitshixo ezitshixayo lukhetho olulungileyo lokunciphisa uxinzelelo kumnwe womqhubi we-welding obangelwa kukubamba, ngamanye amaxesha okubizwa ngokuba “yi-trigger finger.” Isixhobo sokutshixa, njengoko igama laso lisitsho, sinokutshixwa endaweni. Eli nqaku livumela umqhubi we-welding ukuba enze ii-welds ezinde, eziqhubekayo ngaphandle kokubamba i-trigger ixesha lonke. Izinto ezibangela ukutshixa zikwanceda ukuba kude kumqhubi we-welding ukusuka kubushushu obuveliswe ngexesha le-welding, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ifaneleke kakuhle kwizicelo eziphezulu ze-amperage.
Intamo:
Enye inxalenye yompu edlala indima ekuthuthuzeleni komsebenzisi yintamo. Iintamo ezijikelezayo kunye neziguquguqukayo zifumaneka ngobude obuhlukeneyo kunye nee-angles, kwaye zinokutshintshwa ukuze zihlangabezane neemfuno ezithile zesicelo, zinika ukhetho oluninzi lokunceda ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lwabaqhubi. Ukufikelela ngokudibeneyo, i-gun amperage kunye nomjikelo womsebenzi ofunekayo kwisicelo yingqwalasela ebalulekileyo xa ukhetha intamo yompu. Umzekelo, intamo ende yompu inokuphucula ukuthuthuzela komsebenzi xa isicelo sifuna ukufikelela ixesha elide. Intamo eguquguqukayo inokwenza okufanayo xa ufikelela kumalungu kwikona eliqinileyo.
Olona khetho lungcono kwi-welding yepayipi ingaba yintamo ye-80-degree, ngelixa intamo ye-45 okanye i-60-degree inokuthi ifaneleke kangcono kwi-welding kwi-flat position. Iintamo ezijikelezayo zivumela abaqhubi be-welding ukuba bajikeleze intamo njengoko kuyimfuneko, njengakwindawo engaphandle okanye i-welding ephezulu. Kwiimeko apho ufuna intamo ende, enye inketho kukusebenzisa i-coupler yentamo, esisixhobo esidibanisa iintamo ezimbini zompu. Ukuguquguquka okubonelelwa ngolu hlobo luninzi lwentamo kunokubangela ukunciphisa ithuba lokudinwa kwabaqhubi, uxinzelelo kunye nokulimala.
Intambo yombane:
Intambo yamandla yongeza ubunzima kumpu kwaye inokongeza i-clutter kwindawo yokusebenza. Ngoko ke, iintambo ezincinci kunye ezimfutshane zinconywa, nje ukuba zihlangabezana neemfuno zesicelo. Ayizizo iintambo ezimfutshane nezincinci kuphela ezilula kwaye zibhetyebhetye ngakumbi - ukunciphisa ukudinwa kunye noxinzelelo kwizandla kunye nezandla zomqhubi we-welding - kodwa zikwanceda ukunciphisa i-clutter kunye neengozi zokukhubeka kwindawo yokusebenza.
Qwalasela ukulungelelana kwemipu
Ngenxa yokuba usetyenziso lwe-welding lwahluka kuye wonke umntu osebenzisa i-welding, imipu ye-GMAW enokwenziwa ngokwezifiso inokuba lukhetho oluhle lokufumana intuthuzelo enkulu.
Izibhamu ze-welding ezahlukeneyo zinokunika "ibhalansi" eyahlukileyo, ebhekisela kwimvakalelo kunye nokukhululeka kokunyakaza okukhoyo xa umqhubi we-welding ephethe umpu. Ngokomzekelo, umpu onzima olungelelaniswe kakuhle unokunciphisa ukudinwa kwabaqhubi xa kuthelekiswa nompu onzima ongalungelelananga kakuhle.
Umpu olungelelaniswe ngokufanelekileyo uya kuziva ungokwemvelo kwizandla zomqhubi kwaye kube lula ukuwuqhuba. Xa umpu ungalungelelaniswanga ngokuchanekileyo, unokuziva ungabambeki okanye ungakhululeki ukuwusebenzisa. Oku kunokwenza umahluko kwinduduzo yomsebenzi kunye nemveliso.
Lungiselela umsebenzi
Ngenxa yokuba usetyenziso lwe-welding lwahluka kuye wonke umntu osebenzisa i-welding, imipu ye-GMAW enokwenziwa ngokwezifiso inokuba lukhetho oluhle lokufumana intuthuzelo enkulu. Ukuthuthuzela komqhubi we-welding kunokuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo imveliso kunye nokusebenza kakuhle.
Abanye abavelisi bemipu banikezela ngezixhobo ze-intanethi ukunceda abaqhubi be-welding balungiselele umpu we-GMAW ngeenkcukacha ezichanekileyo zomsebenzi. Oku kunceda ukuqinisekisa ukuba umpu ufanelekile kwizinto ezikhethwa ngumqhubi kunye neemfuno zesicelo - ukuthuthuzela okukhulu kunye nemveliso. ttNgokomzekelo, uninzi lwabaqhubi bewelding abenzi iintshukumo ezinkulu, ezitshayelayo xa besebenzisa umpu we-GMAW. Kunoko, badla ngokuwusebenzisa umzuzu othe kratya, ukuwulawula kancinci umpu. Olunye ulungelelwaniso luvumela abasebenzisi ukuba bakhethe ukhetho olukhoyo kwimipu yokutsalwa komphunga - umzekelo, ibhola kunye noyilo lwe-socket swivel olunceda i-vacuum hose ukuba ihambe ngokwahlukileyo kumqheba. Oku kuphucula ukuguquguquka kunye nokunciphisa ukudinwa kwesandla kumqhubi we-welding.
Sebenzisa indawo efanelekileyo kunye nefomu
Ukusebenzisa indawo efanelekileyo ye-weld kunye nefom ziindlela ezongezelelweyo apho abaqhubi be-welding banokwandisa induduzo emsebenzini. Ukuphindaphinda ukunyanzeliswa okanye ukunyanzeliswa kwexesha elide kunokubangela ukulimala kwabaqhubi - okanye nokuba nesidingo seendleko kunye nokuchitha ixesha ngokutsha ngenxa ye-welds esemgangathweni.
Nanini na xa kunokwenzeka, beka i-workpiece ibe mcaba kwaye uyihambise kweyona ndawo ikhululekileyo. Kukwabalulekile ukugcina indawo yokusebenza ecocekileyo. Kwezinye iimeko, umpu wokukhupha umsi odityaniswe nenkqubo efanelekileyo ephathwayo yokutsalwa komsi unokuba yinto efanelekileyo yokuthatha indawo yokunxiba isiphefumlo sokucoca umoya esinamandla kunye nokunciphisa ubungakanani bezixhobo ekufuneka zinxitywe ngumqhubi we-welding. Ukugcina ukuthotyelwa kunye nokhuseleko, kuhlala kululuvo olulungileyo ukudibana nomcoci wemizi-mveliso ukuze uqiniseke ukuba linyathelo elifanelekileyo.
Ukongeza, intuthuzelo yabaqhubi inokunyuswa ngokusebenzisa i-posture ezinzileyo kunye nokuphepha ukuma komzimba okungaqhelekanga, kunye nokungasebenzi kwindawo enye ixesha elide. Xa ukuwelda kwindawo ehleliyo, abaqhubi kufuneka nabo babe ne-workpiece engaphantsi kancinane kwinqanaba lengqiniba. Xa isicelo sifuna ukuma ixesha elide, sebenzisa ukuphumla kweenyawo.
Ukwandisa intuthuzelo
Ukuba nezixhobo ezifanelekileyo, ukukhetha izixhobo okanye izincedisi ekulula ukuzisebenza kunye nokukhuthaza ukuthuthuzelwa kwabaqhubi, kunye nokusetyenziswa kobuchule obufanelekileyo be-welding kunye nefom onke ngamanyathelo abalulekileyo ekuphumezeni indawo ekhululekile, ekhuselekileyo yokusebenza kubaqhubi be-welding.
Imipu ye-welding elula enesiphatho esifanelekileyo kunye noyilo lwentamo yomsebenzi kunye nomsebenzi unokunceda ukufezekisa iziphumo ezikhuselekileyo kunye nemveliso. Ukuncitshiswa koxinzelelo lobushushu, isihlahla kunye nokudinwa kwentamo kunye nokuphindaphinda ukuphinda-phinda kunokunceda ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lomzimba kunye nengqondo kubaqhubi be-welding.
Ukufezekisa iziphumo ezizezona zilungileyo, qwalasela iindlela ezininzi zokukhetha ezikhoyo ekulungiseni umpu we-GMAW olungele isicelo kunye nokukhethwa komsebenzisi.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jan-04-2023
