Uvavanyo olungonakalisi kukusebenzisa iimpawu zesandi, ukukhanya, imagnethi kunye nombane ukubona ukuba kukho isiphene okanye inhomogeneity kwinto eza kuhlolwa ngaphandle kokonakalisa okanye ukuchaphazela ukusebenza kwento eza kuhlolwa, kunye nokunika ubungakanani. , indawo, kunye nendawo yesiphene. Ixesha eliqhelekileyo kuzo zonke iindlela zobugcisa ukugqiba ubume bezobugcisa bento ehloliweyo (efana nokuba ifanelekile okanye ayifanelekanga, ubomi obuseleyo, njl.
Iindlela zovavanyo ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo ezingonakalisi: uvavanyo lwe-ultrasonic (UT), uvavanyo lwemagnethi yamagnetic (MT), uvavanyo lwe-liquid penetrant (PT) kunye novavanyo lwe-X-ray (RT).
Uvavanyo lwe-ultrasonic
I-UT (Uvavanyo lwe-Ultrasonic) yenye yeendlela zokuvavanya ezingonakalisi zoshishino. Xa i-wave ye-ultrasonic ingena entweni kwaye idibana nesiphene, inxalenye yomsindo wesandi iya kubonakala, kwaye umthumeli kunye nomamkeli banokuhlalutya i-wave ebonakalisiweyo, kwaye isiphene sinokubonwa ngokuchanekileyo kakhulu. Kwaye inokubonisa indawo kunye nobukhulu beziphene zangaphakathi, ukulinganisa ubukhulu bezinto eziphathekayo, njl.
Izinto eziluncedo zovavanyo lwe-ultrasonic:
1. Ikhono elikhulu lokungena, umzekelo, ubunzulu bokufumanisa okusebenzayo kwintsimbi kunokufikelela ngaphezu kweemitha ezili-1;
2. Kwiziphene ezicwangcisiweyo ezifana nokuqhekeka, i-interlayers, njl., uvakalelo lokubona luphezulu, kwaye ubunzulu kunye nobukhulu obunxulumene neziphene zinokulinganiswa;
3. Isixhobo siphathekayo, ukusebenza kukhuselekile, kwaye kulula ukuqaphela ukuhlolwa okuzenzekelayo.
ukusilela:
Akulula ukuhlola ii-workpieces ezinemilo enzima, kwaye umgangatho omele uhlolwe kufuneka ube neqondo elithile lokugudiswa, kwaye umsantsa phakathi kweprobe kunye nomphezulu omele uhlolwe kufuneka uzaliswe nge-couplant ukuqinisekisa ukudibanisa okwaneleyo kwe-acoustic.
Uvavanyo lweMagnetic Particle
Okokuqala, masiqonde umgaqo wovavanyo lwamasuntswana omagnetic. Emva kokuba imathiriyeli ye-ferromagnetic kunye nesixhobo sokusebenza zenziwe zimagnetic, ngenxa yobukho bokuyeka, imigca yemagnethi kumphezulu kunye kufutshane nomphezulu wesixhobo sokusebenza igqwethekile ekuhlaleni, okukhokelela ekuvuzeni kwemagnethi, efunxa umgubo wemagnethi osetyenziswa kwi umphezulu womsebenzi, kwaye wenze intsimi yamagnetic ebonakalayo phantsi kokukhanya okufanelekileyo. umkhondo, ngaloo ndlela ubonisa indawo, imilo kunye nobukhulu bokuyeka.
Ukusebenza kunye nemida yovavanyo lwamasuntswana kazibuthe zezi:
1. Ukuhlolwa kwamasuntswana emagnethi kukulungele ukufumanisa ukungaqhubeki kuncinci kubukhulu kumphezulu kwaye kufutshane nomphezulu wezinto ze-ferromagnetic, kwaye umsantsa umxinwa kakhulu kwaye kunzima ukuwubona ngokubonakalayo.
2. Ukuhlolwa kwamasuntswana omagnetic kunokubona iinxalenye kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo, kwaye kunokubona iindidi ezahlukeneyo zamalungu.
3. Iziphene ezifana nokuqhekeka, ukufakwa, iinwele, amabala amhlophe, ukugoba, ukuvala okubandayo kunye nokukhululeka kunokufumaneka.
4. Uvavanyo lwamasuntswana amagnetic alukwazi ukubona izinto zentsimbi ye-austenitic ezingenasici kunye ne-welds ezidityaniswe nge-electrode yensimbi engenasici ye-austenitic, kwaye ayinakukwazi ukubona izinto ezingezizo zamagnetic ezifana nobhedu, i-aluminium, i-magnesium kunye ne-titanium. Kunzima ukufumana i-delaminations kunye nokugotywa okunomkrwelo ongekho nzulu kumphezulu, kungcwatywe imingxuma enzulu, kunye nee-engile ezingaphantsi kwe-20 ° kunye nomphezulu womsebenzi.
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uvavanyo lokungena kwamanzi
Umgaqo osisiseko wokuvavanywa kwe-liquid penetrant kukuba emva kokuba umphezulu wenxalenye ufakwe kwi-fluorescent dyes okanye i-dyes enemibala, i-penetrant inokungena kwiiphene zokuvula umphezulu phantsi kwesenzo se-capillary ixesha elithile; emva kokususa i-penetrant engaphezulu kumphezulu wecandelo, umthuthukisi we-A usetyenziswa kumphezulu wenxalenye.
Ngokufanayo, phantsi kwesenzo se-capillary, i-agent ye-imaging iya kutsala ulwelo olungena ngaphakathi olugcinwe kwisiphene, kwaye ulwelo olungena ngaphakathi lubuyela kwi-agent ye-imaging, kwaye phantsi komthombo othile wokukhanya (ukukhanya kwe-ultraviolet okanye ukukhanya okumhlophe), umkhondo we i-fluorescence etyheli-luhlaza okanye i-fluorescence ebomvu eqaqambileyo, ukuze ibone i-morphology kunye nokusabalalisa iziphene.
Izinto eziluncedo zovavanyo lokungena zezi:
1. Iyakwazi ukubona izinto ezahlukeneyo;
2. Uvakalelo oluphezulu;
3. Umboniso ocacileyo, ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nexabiso eliphantsi lokufumanisa.
Ukungalungi kovavanyo lokungena zezi:
1. Ayifanelekanga ukuhlola ii-workpieces ezenziwe ngezinto ezixubileyo ezivulekileyo kunye neendawo zokusebenza ezineendawo ezinqabileyo;
2. Uvavanyo lokungena lunokubona kuphela ukusabalalisa kwendawo yeziphene, kwaye kunzima ukucacisa ubunzulu bokwenene beziphene, ngoko kunzima ukwenza uvavanyo lobungakanani beziphene. Isiphumo sokubhaqa sikwaphenjelelwa kakhulu ngumsebenzisi.
Ukuhlolwa kweX-reyi
Eyokugqibela, ukufunyanwa kwe-ray, kuba i-X-rays iya kulahleka emva kokudlula into ene-radiated, kunye nezixhobo ezahlukeneyo ezinobunzima obuhlukeneyo zinemilinganiselo eyahlukeneyo yokufunxa kubo, kwaye ifilimu engalunganga ibekwe kwelinye icala lezinto ezifakwe kwi-irradiated. eya kwahluka ngenxa yokuqina kwemitha eyahlukileyo. Iigraphics ezihambelanayo ziveliswa, kwaye ababuyekezi banokugweba ukuba kukho isiphene ngaphakathi kwento kunye nohlobo lwesiphene ngokomfanekiso.
Ukusebenza kunye nokunciphisa uvavanyo lwe-radiographic:
1. Inomdla ngakumbi ekubonweni kohlobo lweziphene zomthamo, kwaye kulula ukubonakalisa iziphene.
2. I-radiographic negatives kulula ukuyigcina kwaye inokulandeleka.
3. Bonisa ngokubonakalayo imilo kunye nodidi lweziphene.
4. Ukungalungi kukuba ubunzulu obungcwatyiweyo besiphene abunakufumaneka. Ngexesha elifanayo, ubukhulu bokubona bukhawulelwe. Ifilimu engafanelekanga kufuneka ihlanjwe ngokukodwa, kwaye iyingozi kumzimba womntu, kwaye ixabiso liphezulu.
Konke kuzo zonke, ukufumanisa i-ultrasonic kunye ne-X-ray impazamo ifanelekile ukufumanisa iziphene zangaphakathi; phakathi kwabo, i-ultrasonic ifanelekile kwiindawo ezinemilo eqhelekileyo engaphezulu kwe-5mm, kwaye i-X-rays ayikwazi ukufumana ubunzulu bokungcwaba iziphene kwaye ibe nemitha. Isuntswana lemagnethi kunye novavanyo lwangaphakathi lufanelekile ukufumanisa iziphene zomhlaba zamacandelo; phakathi kwabo, uvavanyo lwemagnethi luthintelwe ekuboneni izixhobo zemagneti, kwaye uvavanyo lokungena lunqunyelwe ukufumanisa iziphene zokuvula umphezulu.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jun-21-2023
