Ukukhethwa kwe-aluminium kunye ne-aluminium i-alloy welding wire isekelwe ikakhulu kuhlobo lwesiseko sesinyithi, kwaye iimfuno zokumelana nokuqhekeka okuhlangeneyo, iimpawu zomatshini kunye nokuxhathisa ukubola ziqwalaselwa ngokubanzi. Ngamanye amaxesha xa into ethile iba yinkcaso ephambili, ukukhethwa kocingo lwe-welding kufuneka kugxininise ekusombululeni le mpikiswano iphambili, kuthathelwa ingqalelo ezinye iimfuno.
Ngokubanzi, iingcingo zokudibanisa ezinamabakala afanayo okanye afanayo njengentsimbi yomzali zisetyenziselwa ukuwelda i-aluminium kunye ne-alloys ye-aluminium, ukuze kufumaneke ukuxhathisa okungcono kokuhlwa; kodwa xa i-welding i-alloys ye-aluminium ephethwe ngubushushu kunye nokuthambekela okuphezulu kokuqhekeka okutshisayo, ukukhethwa kweengcingo ze-welding ikakhulu kwisisombululo Ukuqala ngokumelana nokuqhekeka, ukubunjwa kocingo lwe-welding luhluke kakhulu kwisiseko sesinyithi.
Iziphene eziqhelekileyo (iingxaki ze-welding) kunye namanyathelo okukhusela
1. Tshisa ngaphakathi
unobangela:
a. Igalelo lobushushu obugqithisileyo;
b. Ukucutshungulwa kwegroove ngokungafanelekanga kunye nokukhutshwa okugqithisileyo kwendibano ye-weldments;
c. Umgama phakathi kwamalungu e-solder mkhulu kakhulu ngexesha le-welding yendawo, eya kubangela ubuninzi be-deformation ngexesha lenkqubo ye-welding.
Amanyathelo othintelo:
a. Ukunciphisa ngokufanelekileyo i-welding current kunye ne-arc voltage, kunye nokwandisa isantya se-welding;
b. Ubungakanani obukhulu bomphetho obunzima bunciphisa umsantsa weengcambu;
c. Nciphisa ngokufanelekileyo isithuba sokudityaniswa kwee-solder ngexesha lokuwelda.
2. Stomata
unobangela:
a. Kukho ioli, i-rust, ukungcola, ukungcola, njl njl kwisiseko sesinyithi okanye ucingo lwe-welding;
b. Ukuhamba komoya kwindawo ye-welding kukhulu, okungahambelani nokukhusela igesi;
c. I-arc ye-welding ide kakhulu, eyanciphisa umphumo wokukhusela igesi;
d. Umgama phakathi kwe-nozzle kunye ne-workpiece inkulu kakhulu, kwaye umphumo wokukhusela igesi uyancitshiswa;
e. Ukukhetha okungafanelekanga kweeparamitha ze-welding;
f. Izimbobo zomoya ziveliswa kwindawo apho i-arc iphinda iphindwe khona;
g. Ukucoceka kwegesi yokukhusela iphantsi, kwaye umphumo wokukhusela igesi ubi;
h. Ukufuma komoya kwindawo ethile kuphezulu.
Amanyathelo othintelo:
a. Hlanza ngokucokisekileyo ioli, ukungcola, i-rust, isikali kunye nefilimu ye-oxide ebusweni bocingo lwe-welding kunye ne-weldment phambi kwe-welding, kwaye usebenzise ucingo lwe-welding kunye nomxholo ophezulu we-deoxidizer;
b. Ukukhetha okufanelekileyo kweendawo zokuwelda;
c. Ukunciphisa ngokufanelekileyo ubude be-arc;
d. Gcina umgama ofanelekileyo phakathi kwe-nozzle kunye ne-weldment;
e. Zama ukukhetha i-welding wire etyebileyo, kwaye wandise ukuqina komphetho we-workpiece groove. Kwelinye icala, inokuvumela ukusetyenziswa kwemisinga emikhulu. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kunokunciphisa umlinganiselo we-welding wire kwi-weld metal, enenzuzo ekunciphiseni i-Porosity ibonakaliswe;
f. Zama ukungaphindi ukubetha kwe-arc kwindawo enye. Xa ukubethelwa kwe-arc okuphindaphindiweyo kuyadingeka, indawo yokubetha i-arc kufuneka icocwe okanye ichithwe; kanye ukuba i-weld seam inogwayimbo lwe-arc, zama ukuwelda kangangoko, kwaye ungayophuli i-arc ngokuthanda ukunciphisa ubungakanani bamalungu. Kufuneka kubekho indawo ethile egqitheneyo ye-weld seam kwindawo edibeneyo;
g. Guqula igesi ekhuselayo;
h. Jonga ubungakanani bokuhamba komoya;
i. Ukufudumala isiseko sentsimbi;
j. Khangela ukuba kukho ukuvuza komoya kunye nomonakalo kwi-trachea;
k. Weld xa ukufuma komoya kuphantsi, okanye sebenzisa inkqubo yokufudumeza.
3. I-arc ayizinzanga
unobangela:
Uqhagamshelwano lwentambo yamandla, ubumdaka, okanye umoya.
Amanyathelo othintelo:
a. Qwalasela onke amalungu e-conductive kwaye ugcine umphezulu ucocekile;
b. Susa ukungcola kwindawo edibeneyo;
c. Zama ukuba ungashiseli kwiindawo ezinokubangela ukuphazamiseka kokuhamba komoya.
4. Ukwakheka kakubi kwe-weld
unobangela:
a. Ukukhetha okungafanelekanga kweenkcukacha ze-welding;
b. I-angle yetotshi ye-welding ayichanekanga;
c. Iiwelders azinabuchule ekusebenzeni;
d. Umngxuma wencam yoqhagamshelwano mkhulu kakhulu;
e. Ucingo lwe-welding, iinxalenye ze-welding kunye negesi yokukhusela iqulethe ukufuma.
Amanyathelo othintelo:
a. Ukulungisa okuphindaphindiweyo ukukhetha ukucaciswa kwe-welding efanelekileyo;
b. Gcina i-angle yokuthambekela efanelekileyo yetotshi ye-welding;
c. Khetha isithuba esifanelekileyo sencam yoqhagamshelwano;
d. Ucoce ngononophelo ucingo lwe-welding kunye ne-weldment phambi kwe-welding ukuqinisekisa ukucoceka kwegesi.
5. Ukungena okungaphelelanga
unobangela:
a. Isantya se-welding sikhawuleza kakhulu kwaye i-arc ide kakhulu;
b. Ukucutshungulwa kwegroove ngokungafanelekanga kunye nokukhutshwa kwezixhobo ezincinci kakhulu;
c. Inkcazo ye-welding incinci kakhulu;
d. I-welding current ayizinzanga.
Amanyathelo othintelo:
a. Ukunciphisa ngokufanelekileyo isantya se-welding kwaye unciphise i-arc;
b. Ukunciphisa ngokufanelekileyo umphetho onqabileyo okanye ukwandisa i-gap yeengcambu;
c. Ukwandisa i-welding current kunye ne-arc voltage ukuqinisekisa ubushushu obaneleyo bokufaka amandla kwisiseko sesinyithi;
d. Yongeza isixhobo sombane esizinzileyo
e. I-Welding wire encinci inceda ukunyusa ubunzulu bokungena, kwaye ucingo lwe-welding olungqingqwa lunyusa inani lokubeka, ngoko kufuneka lukhethwe ngokufanelekileyo.
6. Ayixutywanga
unobangela:
a. Ifilimu ye-oxide okanye i-rust kwi-welding part ayicocwa;
b. Igalelo lobushushu elingonelanga.
Amanyathelo othintelo:
a. Coca umphezulu ukuze udityaniswe phambi kwewelding
b. Ukwandisa i-welding current kunye ne-arc voltage, kunye nokunciphisa isantya se-welding;
c. Amalungu amile okwe-U asetyenziselwa iipleyiti ezishinyeneyo, kodwa amalungu amile okwe-V awasetyenziswa ngokubanzi.
7. Ukuqhekeka
unobangela:
a. Uyilo lwesakhiwo alunangqiqo, kwaye i-welds igxininiswe kakhulu, okubangelwa ukunyanzeliswa koxinzelelo olugqithisileyo lwamalungu adibeneyo;
b. Idama elityhidiweyo likhulu kakhulu, ligqithise kakhulu, kwaye izinto ezixutywayo ziyatshiswa;
c. I-arc crater ekupheleni kwe-weld ipholile ngokukhawuleza;
d. I-welding wire composition ayihambelani nesiseko sesinyithi;
e. Ubunzulu ukuya kububanzi be-weld inkulu kakhulu.
Amanyathelo othintelo:
a. Ukuyila ngokuchanekileyo i-welding structure, cwangcisa i-welds ngokufanelekileyo, yenza i-welds igweme indawo yoxinzelelo lwengcinezelo kangangoko kunokwenzeka, kwaye ukhethe ukulandelelana kwe-welding ngokufanelekileyo;
b. Ukunciphisa i-welding current okanye ukwandisa isantya se-welding ngokufanelekileyo;
c. Umsebenzi we-arc crater kufuneka uchanekile, wongeza ipleyiti yokubetha kwe-arc okanye usebenzise isixhobo sangoku sokuthomalalisa ukuzalisa i-arc crater;
d. Ukhetho oluchanekileyo lwe-welding wire.
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8. Ukufakwa kwe-slag
unobangela:
a. Ukucocwa okungaphelelanga phambi kwe-welding;
b. Ukugqithiswa kwe-welding current kubangela ukuba i-tip yoqhagamshelwano inyibilike ngokuyinxenye kwaye idibanise kwi-pool etyhidiweyo ukwenza i-slag inclusions;
c. Isantya sewelding sikhawuleza kakhulu.
Amanyathelo othintelo:
a. Yomeleza umsebenzi wokucoca phambi kokuba udiye. Ngexesha le-welding ye-multi-pass, ukucocwa kwe-weld seam kufuneka kwakhona kuqhutywe emva kokudlula kwe-welding nganye;
b. Kwimeko yokuqinisekisa ukungena, ukunciphisa i-welding yangoku ngokufanelekileyo, kwaye ungacinezeli i-tip yoqhagamshelwano ephantsi kakhulu xa i-welding nge-current high;
c. Ukunciphisa ngokufanelekileyo isantya se-welding, sebenzisa i-welding wire kunye nomxholo ophezulu we-deoxidizer, kwaye wandise i-arc voltage.
9. I-Undercut
unobangela:
a. I-welding current inkulu kakhulu kwaye i-welding voltage iphezulu kakhulu;
b. Isantya se-welding sikhawuleza kakhulu kwaye ucingo lokuzalisa luncinci;
c. Itotshi ijinga ngokungalinganiyo.
Amanyathelo othintelo:
a. Ukulungelelanisa ngokufanelekileyo i-welding current kunye ne-arc voltage;
b. Ukwandisa ngokufanelekileyo isantya sokutya kweengcingo okanye ukunciphisa isantya se-welding;
c. Yenza zonke iinzame zokujiwulisa itotshi ngokulinganayo.
10. Ungcoliseko lweweld
unobangela:
a. Ukhuselo lwegesi olungafanelekanga;
b. Ucingo lwe-welding alucocekanga;
c. Izinto ezisisiseko azihlambulukanga.
Amanyathelo othintelo:
a. Khangela ukuba i-hose yokuhambisa umoya iyavuza, ingaba kukho idrafti, ingaba i-gas nozzle ikhululekile, nokuba igesi yokukhusela isetyenziswe ngokuchanekileyo;
b. Ingaba izinto ze-welding zigcinwe ngokuchanekileyo;
c. Susa ioli kunye negrisi ngaphambi kokusebenzisa ezinye iindlela zokucoca ngoomatshini;
d. Susa i-oxide ngaphambi kokusebenzisa ibrashi yensimbi engenasici.
11. Ukutya okungalunganga ngocingo
unobangela:
A. Incam yoqhagamshelwano kunye nocingo lwe-welding luvutha;
b. Ukunxiba iingcingo zokuwelda;
c. I-arc yokutshiza;
d. Umbhobho wokutyisa ucingo mde kakhulu okanye uqine kakhulu;
e. Ivili lokutya kocingo alifanelekanga okanye ligugile;
f. Kukho ii-burrs ezininzi, imikrwelo, uthuli kunye nokungcola kumphezulu wezinto ze-welding.
Amanyathelo othintelo:
a. Ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lwe-roller feed feed kwaye usebenzise inkqubo yokuqalisa ecothayo;
b. Khangela indawo yoqhagamshelwano yazo zonke iingcingo ze-welding kwaye unciphise i-metal-to-metal contact surface;
c. Khangela imeko yencam yoqhagamshelwano kunye nombhobho wokucoca ucingo, kwaye ukhangele imeko yevili lokutya;
d. Jonga ukuba i-diameter yencam yoqhagamshelwano iyahambelana;
e. Sebenzisa izinto ezingagugiyo ukunqanda ukunqunyulwa ngexesha lokutyisa ucingo;
f. Jonga imeko yokunxiba ye-reel yocingo;
g. Khetha ubungakanani obufanelekileyo, imilo kunye nemeko yomphezulu wevili lokutya kocingo;
h. Khetha izixhobo zokuwelda ezinomgangatho ongcono womphezulu.
12. Ukuqala kakubi kwe-arc
unobangela:
a. Umgangatho ophantsi;
b. Ubungakanani bengcebiso yoqhagamshelwano ayilunganga;
c. Akukho gesi yokukhusela.
Amanyathelo othintelo:
a. Jonga ukuba zonke iimeko zokumisa zilungile, kwaye usebenzise isiqalo esicothayo okanye i-arc eshushu ukuqala ukuququzelela ukuqala kwe-arc;
b. Khangela ukuba indawo yangaphakathi yoqhagamshelwano ivalwe ngezinto zetsimbi;
c. Sebenzisa umsebenzi wokucoca kwangaphambili kwegesi;
d. Guqula iiparamitha ze-welding.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jun-21-2023
