Ukukhethwa kwe-aluminium kunye ne-aluminium i-alloy welding wire isekelwe ikakhulu kuhlobo lwesiseko sesinyithi, kwaye iimfuno zokumelana nokuqhekeka okuhlangeneyo, iimpawu zoomatshini kunye nokuxhathisa ukubola ziqwalaselwa ngokubanzi.Ngamanye amaxesha xa into ethile iba yinkcaso ephambili, ukukhethwa kocingo lwe-welding kufuneka kugxininise ekusombululeni le mpikiswano iphambili, kuthathelwa ingqalelo ezinye iimfuno.
Ngokubanzi, iingcingo zokudibanisa ezinamabakala afanayo okanye afanayo njengentsimbi yomzali zisetyenziselwa ukuwelda i-aluminium kunye ne-alloys ye-aluminium, ukuze kufumaneke ukuxhathisa okungcono kokuhlwa;kodwa xa i-welding i-alloys ye-aluminium ephethwe ngubushushu kunye nokuthambekela okuphezulu kokuqhekeka okutshisayo, ukukhethwa kweengcingo ze-welding ikakhulu kwisisombululo Ukuqala ngokumelana nokuqhekeka, ukubunjwa kocingo lwe-welding luhluke kakhulu kwisiseko sesinyithi.
Iziphene eziqhelekileyo (iingxaki ze-welding) kunye namanyathelo okukhusela
1. Tshisa ngaphakathi
unobangela:
a.Igalelo lobushushu obugqithisileyo;
b.Ukucutshungulwa kwegroove ngokungafanelekanga kunye nokukhutshwa okugqithisileyo kwendibano ye-weldments;
c.Umgama phakathi kwamalungu e-solder mkhulu kakhulu ngexesha le-welding yendawo, eya kubangela ubuninzi be-deformation ngexesha lenkqubo ye-welding.
Amanyathelo othintelo:
a.Ukunciphisa ngokufanelekileyo i-welding current kunye ne-arc voltage, kunye nokwandisa isantya se-welding;
b.Ubungakanani obukhulu bomphetho obunzima bunciphisa umsantsa weengcambu;
c.Nciphisa ngokufanelekileyo isithuba sokudityaniswa kwee-solder ngexesha lokuwelda.
2. Stomata
unobangela:
a.Kukho ioli, i-rust, ukungcola, ukungcola, njl njl kwisiseko sesinyithi okanye ucingo lwe-welding;
b.Ukuhamba komoya kwindawo ye-welding kukhulu, okungahambelani nokukhusela igesi;
c.I-arc ye-welding ide kakhulu, eyanciphisa umphumo wokukhusela igesi;
d.Umgama phakathi kwe-nozzle kunye ne-workpiece inkulu kakhulu, kwaye umphumo wokukhusela igesi uyancitshiswa;
e.Ukukhetha okungafanelekanga kweeparamitha ze-welding;
f.Izimbobo zomoya ziveliswa kwindawo apho i-arc iphinda iphindwe khona;
g.Ukucoceka kwegesi yokukhusela iphantsi, kwaye umphumo wokukhusela igesi ubi;
h.Ukufuma komoya kwindawo ethile kuphezulu.
Amanyathelo othintelo:
a.Hlanza ngokucokisekileyo ioli, ukungcola, i-rust, isikali kunye nefilimu ye-oxide ebusweni bocingo lwe-welding kunye ne-weldment phambi kwe-welding, kwaye usebenzise ucingo lwe-welding kunye nomxholo ophezulu we-deoxidizer;
b.Ukukhetha okufanelekileyo kweendawo zokuwelda;
c.Ukunciphisa ngokufanelekileyo ubude be-arc;
d.Gcina umgama ofanelekileyo phakathi kwe-nozzle kunye ne-weldment;
e.Zama ukukhetha i-welding wire etyebileyo, kwaye wandise ukuqina komphetho we-workpiece groove.Kwelinye icala, inokuvumela ukusetyenziswa kwemisinga emikhulu.Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kunokunciphisa umlinganiselo we-welding wire kwi-weld metal, enenzuzo ekunciphiseni i-Porosity ibonakaliswe;
f.Zama ukungaphindi ukubetha kwe-arc kwindawo enye.Xa ukubethelwa kwe-arc okuphindaphindiweyo kuyadingeka, indawo yokubetha i-arc kufuneka icocwe okanye ichithwe;kanye ukuba i-weld seam inogwayimbo lwe-arc, zama ukuwelda kangangoko, kwaye ungayophuli i-arc ngokuthanda ukunciphisa ubungakanani bamalungu.Kufuneka kubekho indawo ethile egqitheneyo ye-weld seam kwindawo edibeneyo;
g.Guqula igesi ekhuselayo;
h.Jonga ubungakanani bokuhamba komoya;
i.Ukufudumala isiseko sesinyithi;
j.Khangela ukuba kukho ukuvuza komoya kunye nomonakalo kwi-trachea;
k.Weld xa ukufuma komoya kuphantsi, okanye sebenzisa inkqubo yokufudumeza.
3. I-arc ayizinzanga
unobangela:
Uqhagamshelwano lwentambo yamandla, ubumdaka, okanye umoya.
Amanyathelo othintelo:
a.Qwalasela onke amalungu e-conductive kwaye ugcine umphezulu ucocekile;
b.Susa ukungcola kwindawo edibeneyo;
c.Zama ukuba ungashiseli kwiindawo ezinokubangela ukuphazamiseka kokuhamba komoya.
4. Ukwakheka kakubi kwe-weld
unobangela:
a.Ukukhetha okungafanelekanga kweenkcukacha ze-welding;
b.I-angle yetotshi ye-welding ayichanekanga;
c.Iiwelders azinabuchule ekusebenzeni;
d.Umngxuma wencam yoqhagamshelwano mkhulu kakhulu;
e.Ucingo lwe-welding, iinxalenye ze-welding kunye negesi yokukhusela iqulethe ukufuma.
Amanyathelo othintelo:
a.Ukulungisa okuphindaphindiweyo ukukhetha ukucaciswa kwe-welding efanelekileyo;
b.Gcina i-angle yokuthambekela efanelekileyo yetotshi ye-welding;
c.Khetha isithuba esifanelekileyo sencam yoqhagamshelwano;
d.Ucoce ngononophelo ucingo lwe-welding kunye ne-weldment phambi kwe-welding ukuqinisekisa ukucoceka kwegesi.
5. Ukungena okungaphelelanga
unobangela:
a.Isantya se-welding sikhawuleza kakhulu kwaye i-arc ide kakhulu;
b.Ukucutshungulwa kwegroove ngokungafanelekanga kunye nokukhutshwa kwezixhobo ezincinci kakhulu;
c.Inkcazo ye-welding incinci kakhulu;
d.I-welding current ayizinzanga.
Amanyathelo othintelo:
a.Ukunciphisa ngokufanelekileyo isantya se-welding kwaye unciphise i-arc;
b.Ukunciphisa ngokufanelekileyo umphetho onqabileyo okanye ukwandisa i-gap yeengcambu;
c.Ukwandisa i-welding current kunye ne-arc voltage ukuqinisekisa ubushushu obaneleyo bokufaka amandla kwisiseko sesinyithi;
d.Yongeza isixhobo sombane esizinzileyo
e.I-Welding wire encinci inceda ukunyusa ubunzulu bokungena, kwaye ucingo lwe-welding olungqingqwa lunyusa inani lokubeka, ngoko kufuneka lukhethwe ngokufanelekileyo.
6. Ayixutywanga
unobangela:
a.Ifilimu ye-oxide okanye i-rust kwi-welding part ayicocwa;
b.Igalelo lobushushu elingonelanga.
Amanyathelo othintelo:
a.Coca umphezulu ukuze udityaniswe phambi kwewelding
b.Ukwandisa i-welding current kunye ne-arc voltage, kunye nokunciphisa isantya se-welding;
c.Amalungu amile okwe-U asetyenziselwa iipleyiti ezishinyeneyo, kodwa amalungu amile okwe-V awasetyenziswa ngokubanzi.
7. Ukuqhekeka
unobangela:
a.Uyilo lwesakhiwo alunangqiqo, kwaye i-welds igxininiswe kakhulu, okubangelwa ukunyanzeliswa koxinzelelo olugqithisileyo lwamalungu adibeneyo;
b.Idama elityhidiweyo likhulu kakhulu, ligqithise kakhulu, kwaye izinto ezixutywayo ziyatshiswa;
c.I-arc crater ekupheleni kwe-weld ipholile ngokukhawuleza;
d.I-welding wire composition ayihambelani nesiseko sesinyithi;
e.Ubunzulu ukuya kububanzi be-weld inkulu kakhulu.
Amanyathelo othintelo:
a.Ukuyila ngokuchanekileyo i-welding structure, cwangcisa i-welds ngokufanelekileyo, yenza i-welds igweme indawo yoxinzelelo lwengcinezelo kangangoko kunokwenzeka, kwaye ukhethe ukulandelelana kwe-welding ngokufanelekileyo;
b.Ukunciphisa i-welding current okanye ukwandisa isantya se-welding ngokufanelekileyo;
c.Umsebenzi we-arc crater kufuneka uchanekile, wongeza ipleyiti yokubetha kwe-arc okanye usebenzise isixhobo sangoku sokuthomalalisa ukuzalisa i-arc crater;
d.Ukhetho oluchanekileyo lwe-welding wire.
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8. Ukufakwa kwe-slag
unobangela:
a.Ukucocwa okungaphelelanga phambi kwe-welding;
b.Ukugqithiswa kwe-welding current kubangela ukuba i-tip yoqhagamshelwano inyibilike ngokuyinxenye kwaye idibanise kwi-pool etyhidiweyo ukwenza i-slag inclusions;
c.Isantya sewelding sikhawuleza kakhulu.
Amanyathelo othintelo:
a.Yomeleza umsebenzi wokucoca phambi kokuba udiye.Ngexesha le-welding ye-multi-pass, ukucocwa kwe-weld seam kufuneka kwakhona kuqhutywe emva kokudlula kwe-welding nganye;
b.Kwimeko yokuqinisekisa ukungena, ukunciphisa i-welding yangoku ngokufanelekileyo, kwaye ungacinezeli i-tip yoqhagamshelwano ephantsi kakhulu xa i-welding nge-current high;
c.Ukunciphisa ngokufanelekileyo isantya se-welding, sebenzisa i-welding wire kunye nomxholo ophezulu we-deoxidizer, kwaye wandise i-arc voltage.
9. I-Undercut
unobangela:
a.I-welding current inkulu kakhulu kwaye i-welding voltage iphezulu kakhulu;
b.Isantya se-welding sikhawuleza kakhulu kwaye ucingo lokuzalisa luncinci;
c.Itotshi ijinga ngokungalinganiyo.
Amanyathelo othintelo:
a.Ukulungelelanisa ngokufanelekileyo i-welding current kunye ne-arc voltage;
b.Ukwandisa ngokufanelekileyo isantya sokutya kweengcingo okanye ukunciphisa isantya se-welding;
c.Yenza zonke iinzame zokujiwulisa itotshi ngokulinganayo.
10. Ungcoliseko lweweld
unobangela:
a.Ukhuselo lwegesi olungafanelekanga;
b.Ucingo lwe-welding alucocekanga;
c.Izinto ezisisiseko azihlambulukanga.
Amanyathelo othintelo:
a.Khangela ukuba i-hose yokuhambisa umoya iyavuza, ingaba kukho idrafti, ingaba i-gas nozzle ikhululekile, nokuba igesi yokukhusela isetyenziswe ngokuchanekileyo;
b.Ingaba izinto ze-welding zigcinwe ngokuchanekileyo;
c.Susa ioli kunye negrisi ngaphambi kokusebenzisa ezinye iindlela zokucoca ngoomatshini;
d.Susa i-oxide ngaphambi kokusebenzisa ibrashi yensimbi engenasici.
11. Ukutya okungalunganga ngocingo
unobangela:
A. Incam yoqhagamshelwano kunye nocingo lwe-welding luvutha;
b.Ukunxiba iingcingo zokuwelda;
c.I-arc yokutshiza;
d.Umbhobho wokutyisa ucingo mde kakhulu okanye uqine kakhulu;
e.Ivili lokutya kocingo alifanelekanga okanye ligugile;
f.Kukho ii-burrs ezininzi, imikrwelo, uthuli kunye nokungcola kumphezulu wezinto ze-welding.
Amanyathelo othintelo:
a.Ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lwe-roller feed feed kwaye usebenzise inkqubo yokuqalisa ecothayo;
b.Khangela indawo yoqhagamshelwano yazo zonke iingcingo ze-welding kwaye unciphise i-metal-to-metal contact surface;
c.Khangela imeko yencam yoqhagamshelwano kunye nombhobho wokucoca ucingo, kwaye ukhangele imeko yevili lokutya;
d.Jonga ukuba i-diameter yencam yoqhagamshelwano iyahambelana;
e.Sebenzisa izinto ezingagugiyo ukunqanda ukunqunyulwa ngexesha lokutyisa ucingo;
f.Jonga imeko yokunxiba ye-reel yocingo;
g.Khetha ubungakanani obufanelekileyo, imilo kunye nemeko yomphezulu wevili lokutya kocingo;
h.Khetha izixhobo zokuwelda ezinomgangatho ongcono womphezulu.
12. Ukuqala kakubi kwe-arc
unobangela:
a.Umgangatho ophantsi;
b.Ubungakanani bengcebiso yoqhagamshelwano ayilunganga;
c.Akukho gesi yokukhusela.
Amanyathelo othintelo:
a.Jonga ukuba zonke iimeko zokumisa zilungile, kwaye usebenzise isiqalo esicothayo okanye i-arc eshushu ukuqala ukuququzelela ukuqala kwe-arc;
b.Khangela ukuba indawo yangaphakathi yoqhagamshelwano ivalwe ngezinto zetsimbi;
c.Sebenzisa umsebenzi wokucoca kwangaphambili kwegesi;
d.Guqula iiparamitha ze-welding.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jun-21-2023
